Buch, Englisch, Band 7, 270 Seiten, Format (B × H): 156 mm x 233 mm, Gewicht: 567 g
Buch, Englisch, Band 7, 270 Seiten, Format (B × H): 156 mm x 233 mm, Gewicht: 567 g
Reihe: Studies in Archaeological Sciences
ISBN: 978-94-6270-319-3
Verlag: Leuven University Press
The ancient glass industry changed dramatically towards the end of the first millennium. The Roman glassmaking tradition of mineral soda glass was increasingly supplanted by the use of plant ash as the main fluxing agent at the turn of the ninth century CE. Defining primary production groups of plant ash glass has been a challenge due to the high variability of raw materials and the smaller scale of production. Islamic Glass in the Making advocates a large-scale archaeometric approach to the history of Islamic glassmaking to trace the developments in the production, trade and consumption of vitreous materials between the eighth and twelfth centuries and to separate the norm from the exception. It proposes compositional discriminants to distinguish regional production groups, and provides insights into the organisation of the glass industry and commerce during the early Islamic period. The interdisciplinary approach leads to a holistic understanding of the development of Islamic glass; assemblages from the early Islamic period in Mesopotamia, Central Asia, Egypt, Greater Syria and Iberia are evaluated, and placed in the larger geopolitical context. In doing so, this book fills a gap in the present literature and advances a large-scale approach to the history of Islamic glass.
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Autoren/Hrsg.
Fachgebiete
Weitere Infos & Material
Preface:
GlassRoutes and the systems of change
Acknowledgements
List of
Illustrations
List of
Tables
Introduction
Chapter 1
Islamic
glassmaking in Egypt contingent on local administration 27
• Primary
glass workshops in Egypt – the archaeological evidence 28
• Roman and
late antique glass groups of Egyptian origin 32
Roman
antimony-decoloured glass 32
High iron,
manganese and titanium (HIMT) glass 36
HIMT2 &
Foy 3.2 (série 3.2) 38
Glass group
Foy 2.1 (série 2.1) 40
Magby – a
high Mg Byzantine glass type 42
Compositions
and working properties over time 45
• The
beginnings of Islamic glass production 47
Natron type
Egypt 1A-C & Egypt 2 49
Natron type
Egypt 1Ax – glass mosaics from the Great Mosque in Damascus 56
• The
earliest plant ash glasses from Egypt 62
Plant ash glasses
E1 – E4 63
Recycling
and chronological evolution 66
Tin-oxide opacified
glass weights 68
• Trace
element discriminants of Egyptian glass 71
• Egyptian
glass and its market 72
10 Table of
Contents
Chapter 2
Islamic
glassmaking in Greater Syria (Bilâd al-Shâm): distribution patterns 77
•
Glassmaking and glass-working in the Bilâd al-Shâm –
the
archaeological evidence 78
• Roman and
late antique glass groups of Levantine origin 80
Roman
manganese-decoloured and naturally coloured glass 80
The glass
from fourth-century Jalame 83
Late
antique Apollonia glass – Levantine I 84
• The
beginnings of Islamic glass production 88
Early
Islamic natron glass from Bet Eli‘ezer – Levantine II 88
The early
Islamic mosaic tradition in Greater Syria 93
An
interlude – the gold in gold leaf tesserae 97
Colours and
opacifiers of the mosaic tesserae 99
• The last
hurrah of natron-type glass in the Levant 105
• The
earliest plant ash glasses from the Bilâd al-Shâm 108
Raqqa group
1 & Raqqa group 4 108
Glass from
the primary production site of Tyre 113
Glass from
the Serçe Limani shipwreck and the secondary workshop at Banias 115
• Ruptures
and shifts in the production of glass in the Levant 119
•
Distribution patterns and the glass market 121
Chapter 3
Glass
production in Mesopotamia: preservation of plant ash recipes 125
• Sasanian
glassmaking tradition - Veh Ardašir et al. 126
• The
transition to Islamic glassmaking in Mesopotamia 135
Mesopotamian
group Raqqa 4 135
Two early
Islamic glass groups from Mesopotamia: Samarra 1 and Samarra 2 138
Colourless glass
from Nishapur 140
Millefiori
tiles from Samarra and the ‘missing link’ 144
Message in
a bottle 150
The port
city of Siraf – a trading hub 155
• Glass
from Iran and Central Asia – multiple origins of the glass
at Nishapur
and Merv 157
•
Mesopotamian versus Central Asian glass productions 163
Table of
Contents 11
Chapter 4
“From Polis
to Madina” and the flux of glass in Spain 173
• Late
Roman and Visigothic glass from Hispania 176
The glass
from Recópolis – exception to the rule or genuine trend? 177
• The first
local production of glass in Islamic al-Andalus 183
The
‘invention’ of glassmaking – the case of Šaqunda 183
The glass
workshop in Pechina (Almería) 189
The glass
from Madinat al-Zahra’ – the Brilliant City 194
Domestic
assemblages in Córdoba and the advent of Iberian plant ash glass 203
• Mosaics
from Madinat al-Zahra’ and the Great Mosque of Córdoba 207
• The glass
supply in eighth- to tenth-century al-Andalus 217
• Glass and
the processes of Islamisation 221
• Western
expansion: Sicily and the Maghreb 222
Byzantine,
Islamic and Swabian Sicily 222
Islamic
glass in the Maghreb 226
Emancipation
of western Islamic glassmaking 226
Chapter 5
In
conclusion – geographical and chronological dimensions 229
References 237
