Bond / Gasser Readings in Distributed Artificial Intelligence

1. Auflage 2014
ISBN: 978-1-4832-1444-3
Verlag: Elsevier Science & Techn.
Format: PDF
Kopierschutz: 1 - PDF Watermark

E-Book, Englisch, 668 Seiten, Web PDF

Most artificial intelligence research investigates intelligent behavior for a single agent--solving problems heuristically, understanding natural language, and so on. Distributed Artificial Intelligence (DAI) is concerned with coordinated intelligent behavior: intelligent agents coordinating their knowledge, skills, and plans to act or solve problems, working toward a single goal, or toward separate, individual goals that interact. DAI provides intellectual insights about organization, interaction, and problem solving among intelligent agents. This comprehensive collection of articles shows the breadth and depth of DAI research. The selected information is relevant to emerging DAI technologies as well as to practical problems in artificial intelligence, distributed computing systems, and human-computer interaction. 'Readings in Distributed Artificial Intelligence' proposes a framework for understanding the problems and possibilities of DAI. It divides the study into three realms: the natural systems approach (emulating strategies and representations people use to coordinate their activities), the engineering/science perspective (building automated, coordinated problem solvers for specific applications), and a third, hybrid approach that is useful in analyzing and developing mixed collections of machines and human agents working together. The editors introduce the volume with an important survey of the motivations, research, and results of work in DAI. This historical and conceptual overview combines with chapter introductions to guide the reader through this fascinating field. A unique and extensive bibliography is also provided.

Autoren/Hrsg.

Bond, Alan H.

Gasser, Les

Inhaltsverzeichnis

1;Front Cover
;1
2;Readings in Distributed Artificial Intelligence;4
3;Copyright Page
;5
4;Table of Contents;8
5;Dedication;6
6;Preface;12
7;Acknowledgments;16
8;Part I: Orientation;20
8.1;Chapter 1. An Analysis of Problems and Research in DAI;22
8.1.1;1.1 Introduction;22
8.1.2;1.2 Description, Decomposition, Distribution, and Allocation of Tasks;29
8.1.3;1.3 Interaction, Language, and Communication;35
8.1.4;1.4 Coherence and Coordination;38
8.1.5;1.5 Modeling Other Agents and Organized Activity;44
8.1.6;1.6 Interagent Disparities: Uncertainty and Conflict;48
8.1.7;1.7 Tools for Distributed Artificial Intelligence;52
8.1.8;1.8 Open Problems;54
8.2;Chapter 2. A Subject-Indexed Bibliography of Distributed Artificial Intelligence;56
8.2.1;Bibliography;61
9;Part II. Basic DAI Problems and Approaches;76
9.1;Chapter 3. Distribution and Task Allocation;78
9.1.1;3.1 Frameworks for Cooperation in Distributed Problem Solving;80
9.1.2;3.2 Network Structures for Distributed Situation Assessment;90
9.1.3;3.3 ARCHITECTURES FOR DISTRIBUTEDAIR TRAFFIC CONTROL;109
9.1.4;3.4 STRATEGIES OF COOPERATION IN DISTRIBUTED PROBLEM SOLVING;121
9.1.5;3.5 Parallelism in Artificial Intelligence Problem Solving: A Case Study of Hearsay II;125
9.1.6;3.6 Distributed Interpretation: A Model and Experiment;139
9.1.7;3.7 An Organizational View of Distributed Systems;159
9.1.8;3.8 MODELING COORDINATION IN ORGANIZATIONS AND MARKETS;170
9.2;Chapter 4. Coherence and Coordination;178
9.2.1;4.1 Reasoning about Agents' Knowledge and Behavior;178
9.2.2;4.2 Reasoning about Collective Processes;254
9.2.3;4.3 Achieving Coherence by Resolving Disparities and Uncertainty;313
9.3;Chapter 5. Interaction Languages, Structures and Protocols;350
9.3.1;5.1 Negotiation as a Metaphor for Distributed Problem Solving;352
9.3.2;5.2 The Contract Net Protocol: High-Level Communication and Control in a Distributed Problem Solver;376
9.3.3;5.3 Multistage Negotiationin Distributed Planning;386
9.3.4;5.4 Dialogue-Games: Metacommunication Structures for Natural Language Interaction;404
9.3.5;5.5 Concurrent Programming Using Actors: Exploiting Large-Scale Parallelism;417
9.3.6;5.6 Control of Processes by Communication over Ports as a Paradigm for Distributed Knowledge-Based System Design;427
10;Part III. Implementation Frameworks and DAI Applications;440
10.1;Chapter 6. Implementation Languages and Systems;442
10.1.1;6.1 AN OBJECT-ORIENTED APPROACH TO KNOWLEDGE SYSTEMS;444
10.1.2;6.2 Object-Oriented Concurrent Programming in ABCL/1;453
10.1.3;6.3 Implementing Distributed AI Systems Using MACE;464
10.1.4;6.4 A Software and Hardware Environment for Developing AI Applications on Parallel Processors;470
10.1.5;6.5 ABE: A COOPERATIVE OPERATING SYSTEM AND DEVELOPMENT ENVIRONMENT;476
10.1.6;6.6 Modeling and Diagnosing Problem-Solving System Behavior;509
10.2;Chapter 7. Blackboard Structures;522
10.2.1;7.1 A Blackboard Architecture for Control;524
10.2.2;7.2 Achieving Flexibility, Efficiency, and Generality in Blackboard Architectures;560
10.2.3;7.3 COPS: A System For Constructing Multiple Blackboards;566
10.2.4;7.4 TRANSACTIONAL BLACKBOARDS;576
10.3;Chapter 8. Example Applications of DAI;582
10.3.1;8.1 An Intelligent System for Document Retrieval in Distributed Office Environments;584
10.3.2;8.2 Supporting Organizational Problem Solving with a Work Station;597
10.3.3;8.3 PROVIDING INTELLIGENT ASSISTANCE IN DISTRIBUTED OFFICE ENVIRONMENTS;609
10.3.4;8.4 Knowledge-Based Support of Cooperative Activities;618
10.3.5;8.5 An Architecture for Control and Communications in Distributed Artificial Intelligence Systems;625
10.3.6;8.6 An Examination of Distributed Planning in the World of Air Traffic Control;636
11;Index;648