Bradley / Harris / Jenner International Review of Neurobiology

1. Auflage 2006
ISBN: 978-0-08-046352-0
Verlag: Elsevier Science & Techn.
Format: PDF
Kopierschutz: 1 - PDF Watermark

E-Book, Englisch, Band Volume 73, 312 Seiten, Web PDF

Reihe: International Review of Neurobiology

Published since 1959, International Review of Neurobiology is a well-known series appealing to neuroscientists, clinicians, psychologists, physiologists, and pharmacologists. Led by an internationally renowned editorial board, this important serial publishes both eclectic volumes made up of timely reviews and thematic volumes that focus on recent progress in a specific area of neurobiology research. This volume is a collection of articles covering recent advances in the field of neurobiology. Topics covered include chromosome 22 deletion syndrome and schizophrenia; characterization of proteome of human cerebrospinal fluid; hormonal pathways regulating intermale and interfemale aggression; neuronal gap junctions; effects of genes and stress on the neurobiology of depression; quantitative imaging with teh MicroPET small-animal PET tomograph; understanding myelination through studying its evolution.

Autoren/Hrsg.

Jenner, Peter

Bradley, Ronald J.

Harris, R. Adron

Inhaltsverzeichnis

1;Cover Page;1
2;Contents;6
3;Contributors;10
4;Chapter 1: Chromosome 22 Deletion Syndrome And Schizophrenia;12
4.1;I. Introduction;12
4.2;II. 22q11DS: Mechanism of the Deletion;13
4.3;III. 22q11DS: Clinical Phenotype;15
4.4;IV. 22q11DS: Psychosis;16
4.5;V. 22q11DS: Neuropathology;17
4.6;VI. 22q11DS: Positional Cloning Schizophrenia Susceptibility Loci;18
4.7;VII. 22q11DS: Murine Models;20
4.8;VIII. Catechol-O-Methyltransferase;22
4.9;IX. Conclusions;29
4.10;References;31
5;Chapter 2: Characterization of Proteome of Human Cerebrospinal Fluid;40
5.1;I. Introduction;41
5.2;II. Materials and Methods;42
5.2.1;A. Collection of Human CSF by Lumbar Puncture and Exclusion Criteria;42
5.2.2;B. CSF Sample Preparation and Fractionation with SDS-PAGE;43
5.2.3;C. In-Gel Digestion;44
5.2.4;D. Protein Identification Using LC Followed by LCQ-MS;44
5.2.5;E. Protein Identification Using Off-Line SCX Chromatography Followed by LTQ-FT MS;44
5.2.6;F. Data Processing and Analysis;45
5.3;III. Results;46
5.3.1;A. Proteins Identified by muLC-LCQ-MS/MS;46
5.3.2;B. Proteins Identified by nanoLC-LTQ-FT MS/MS Following Off-Line SCX Separation;46
5.3.3;C. Reexamination of Previously Identified Proteins;84
5.3.4;D. Discussion;85
5.4;Acknowledgments;107
5.5;References;107
6;Chapter 3: Hormonal Pathways Regulating Intermale And Interfemale Aggression;110
6.1;I. Introduction;110
6.1.1;A. Common Regulatory Concepts in Males and Females;112
6.2;II. Females;114
6.2.1;A. DHEA as a Neurosteroid;114
6.3;III. Males;118
6.3.1;A. Regulation in the Adult;119
6.3.2;B. Neural Steroid Receptors;119
6.4;IV. Hormonal Modulation of Serotonin Function;124
6.5;V. Conclusions;127
6.6;Acknowledgments;128
6.7;References;128
7;Chapter 4: Neuronal GAP Junctions: Expression, Function, And Implications For Behavior;136
7.1;I. A Brief History of Gap Junctions;136
7.2;II. Gap Junction Structure;138
7.3;III. Gap Junctions in the Brain;140
7.4;IV. Electrical Coupling in the Brain;143
7.5;V. Properties and Function of Electrical Synapses;146
7.6;VI. Modulation of Electrical Synapses and Gap-Junctional Coupling;148
7.7;VII. Use-Dependent Plasticity;148
7.8;VIII. Local Factors: Voltage, pH, and Calcium;149
7.9;IX. Neurotransmitter and Second Messenger Modulation;150
7.10;X. Concluding Remarks;152
7.11;References;153
8;Chapter 5: Effects of Genes and Stress on the Neurobiology of Depression;164
8.1;I. Introduction;165
8.2;II. Stress and Depression;165
8.3;III. Genetics and Depression;166
8.4;IV. Serotonergic System;168
8.5;V. Candidate Gene Studies of the Serotonergic System;170
8.5.1;A. Serotonin Transporter;170
8.5.2;B. Serotonin Receptors;173
8.5.3;C. Other Serotonin Receptors;173
8.5.4;D. Tryptophan Hydroxylase;174
8.6;VI. Current Stress and the Serotonergic System;174
8.6.1;A. Early Life Stress and the Serotonergic System;175
8.7;VII. Gene Stress Interaction;176
8.8;VIII. Hypothalamic-Pituitary-Adrenocortical (HPA) Axis;177
8.8.1;A. Genetics and the HPA Axis;177
8.8.2;B. Early Life Stress and the HPA Axis;178
8.9;IX. Noradrenergic System;179
8.9.1;A. Genetics and the Noradrenergic System;180
8.9.2;B. Current Stress and the Noradrenergic System;180
8.9.3;C. Early Life Stress and the Noradrenergic System;181
8.10;X. Dopaminergic System in Depression;181
8.10.1;A. Genetics and the Dopaminergic System;182
8.10.2;B. Current Stress and the Dopaminergic System;182
8.10.3;C. Early Life Stress and the Dopaminergic System;183
8.11;XI. GABAergic System;183
8.11.1;A. Genetics and the GABAergic System;183
8.11.2;B. Early Life Stress and the GABAergic System;184
8.12;XII. Brain Derived Neurotrophic Factor;184
8.12.1;A. Genetics and BDNF;184
8.12.2;B. Current Stress and BDNF;185
8.12.3;C. Early Life Stress and BDNF;185
8.13;XIII. Conclusions;186
8.14;References;186
9;Chapter 6: Quantitative Imaging with the Micro-pet Small-Animal Pet Tomograph;202
9.1;I. Introduction;203
9.2;II. Setup and Calibration;204
9.2.1;A. Scanner Setup;204
9.2.2;B. Calibration;204
9.2.3;C. Quality Control;205
9.2.4;D. External Radioactivity Measurements;205
9.2.5;E. Animal Positioning;205
9.3;III. Physical Corrections;206
9.3.1;A. Randoms;206
9.3.2;B. Deadtime;207
9.3.3;C. Attenuation;207
9.3.4;D. Scatter;209
9.3.5;E. Normalization;210
9.3.6;F. Natural Background Radioactivity of LSO;212
9.4;IV. Image Reconstruction;214
9.5;V. Data Analysis;219
9.5.1;A. Anatomical Segmentation and Image Registration;219
9.5.2;B. Partial Volume Correction;222
9.6;VI. Conclusions;226
9.7;References;227
10;Chapter 7: Understanding Myelination Through Studying Its Evolution;230
10.1;I. Introduction;231
10.2;II. Evidence that Glial Cells First Interacted with Large Axons in a "Nonmyelin" Relationship;232
10.3;III. Myelin-like Sheaths in Invertebrates;236
10.3.1;A. Morphological Considerations;236
10.3.2;B. Physiological Properties of Invertebrate Myelinated Fibers;239
10.3.3;C. Biochemical Properties of Invertebrate Myelinated Fibers;240
10.3.4;D. Concluding Remarks on Invertebrate Fiber Myelination;241
10.4;IV. Vertebrate Myelinated Nervous System;242
10.4.1;A. Morphological Features;242
10.4.2;B. Biochemical and Molecular Features of Vertebrate Myelin Sheaths;251
10.4.3;C. Differentiation of Myelinating CNS and PNS Glial Cells;255
10.5;V. Use of Comparative Myelin Studies to Understand CNS Regeneration;255
10.5.1;A. Myelin Inhibition, a Historical Perspective;255
10.5.2;B. Characterization of Regeneration Inhibitors in Mammals;256
10.5.3;C. Phylogeny of CNS Regeneration;257
10.5.4;D. Comparative Genomics of the Myelin Inhibitory Machinery;259
10.5.5;E. CNS Regeneration Despite Myelin Inhibitors-Does the Immune System Make the Difference?;261
10.5.6;F. Conclusion: Collision of Biological Necessity and Clinical Needs;265
10.6;VI. Future Studies of Myelin Evolution;266
10.7;Acknowledgments;266
10.8;References;266
11;Index;286
12;Contents of Recent Volumes;294