Chaudhuri Fundamentals of Petroleum and Petrochemical Engineering

1. Auflage 2012
ISBN: 978-1-4398-5161-6
Verlag: Taylor & Francis
Format: PDF
Kopierschutz: Adobe DRM (»Systemvoraussetzungen)

E-Book, Englisch, 411 Seiten

Reihe: Chemical Industries

The supply of petroleum continues to dwindle at an alarming rate, yet it is the source of a range of products — from gasoline and diesel to plastic, rubber, and synthetic fiber. Critical to the future of this commodity is that we learn to use it more judiciously and efficiently. Fundamentals of Petroleum and Petrochemical Engineering provides a holistic understanding of petroleum and petrochemical products manufacturing, presented in a step-by-step sequence of the entire supply chain.

Filled with crucial information relevant to a range of applications, the book covers topics such as:

- The essential preliminaries for the exploration and production of crude petroleum oil and gas

- Analysis of crude oil and its petroleum products

- The processing of petroleum in refineries

- The fundamentals of lubricating oil and grease

- Petrochemicals — their raw materials and end products, and manufacturing principles of industrially important products

- Theories and problems of unit operations and the processes involved in refineries and petrochemical plants

- Automatic operations in plants

- Start up, shutdown, maintenance, fire, and safety operations

- Commercial and managerial activities necessary for the ultimate success of a refining or manufacturing business

Due to the advancement of technology, new petrochemicals are being invented and will continue to be relevant to the petroleum industry in the near future. Those entering the industry need a firm grasp of the basics as the field continues to open up new avenues of possibility, while at the same time being cognizant of the challenges that exist through the heightened focus on sustainable energy.

Zielgruppe

Entry level engineers in petroleum, petrochemical, and hydrocarbon processing plants, and students taking petroleum engineering courses offered in chemical engineering and chemical technology departments.

Autoren/Hrsg.

Chaudhuri, Uttam Ray

Fachgebiete

• Technische Wissenschaften Verfahrenstechnik | Chemieingenieurwesen | Biotechnologie Brennstoffe, Kraftstoffe, Explosivstoffe
• Technische Wissenschaften Energietechnik | Elektrotechnik Erdölenergietechnik

Inhaltsverzeichnis

Crude Petroleum Oil
Composition of Crude Oil
Physical Properties of Crude Oil
Origin of Hydrocarbons
Exploration Techniques
Resource Estimation
Oil Field Development
Well Logging
Oil Production Processes
Crude Conditioning and Storage
Transportation and Metering of Crude Oil
Gas Hydrates
Coal Bed Methane
Questions
Petroleum Products and Test Methods
Crude Oil Analysis
Domestic Fuels
Automotive Fuels
Aviation Fuels
Furnace Fuels
Lubricating Oils
Miscellaneous Products
Questions
Processing Operations in a Petroleum Refinery
Crude Oil Receiving
Desalting of Crude Oil
Distillation and Stripping
Stabilisation
Amine Absorption
De-Ethaniser
Meroxing and Caustic Wash
Liquified Petroleum Gas Splitter
Naphtha Redistillation
Naphtha Pretreatment (Nhds)
Naphtha Platinum Reforming (Platforming)
Kerosene Hydrodesulfurisation
Diesel Hydrodesulfurisation
Vacuum Distillation
Solvent Extraction
Propane Deasphalting
Solvent Dewaxing
Hydrofinishing
Catalytic Processes for Lube Oil Base Stock Manufacture
Hydrocracking
Mild Hydrocracking
Hydrogen Generation
Fluid Catalytic Cracking
Bitumen Blowing
Vis-Breaking
Coking
Questions
Lubricating Oil and Grease
Components of Finished Lubricating Oils
Automotive Oils
Industrial Lubricants
Aviation Lubricants
Marine Lubricants
Greases
Lube Blending and Grease Manufacture
Environmental Impact of Lubricants
Reclamation of Used Lubricants
Power Consumption in a Blending Tank
Questions
Petrochemicals
Defintions of Petrochemicals
Naphtha Cracking
Conversion Processes for Selected Petrochemicals
Petrochemical Complex
Processing of Plastic, Rubber, and Fibre
Questions
Off Sites, Power, and Utilities
Layout of Petroleum and Petrochemical Plants
Processing Units
Offsite Facilities
Power and Steam Generating Plant
Cooling Tower
Water Conditioning Plant
Questions
Material and Energy Balances
Measurement of Quantity of Crude Oil and Products
Measurement of Gases in Closed Vessels
Material Balance in a Plant
Energy Balance in a Plant
Questions
Heat Exchangers and Pipe-Still Furnaces
Heat Exchangers
Theory of Heat Exchange
Fouling
Plate Type Heat Exchanger
Extended Surface Exchanger
Scraped Surface Exchanger
Heat Exchanger Train
Pipe-Still Furnace
Pipe-Still Furnace Elements
Operation of a Furnace
Draught in a Furnace
Furnace Design by Wilson, Lobo, and Hottel Method
Questions
Distillation and Stripping
Processes of Distillation and Stripping
Batch Distillation
Boiling Point and Equilibrium Diagrams
Theory of Distillation
Continuous Distillation
Mccabe-Thiele Method
Enthalpy Balance Method
Gap and Overlap
Packie’s Correlation
Question
Extraction
Extraction Principle
Extraction Process
Definition of Terms Related to Extraction
Phase Equilibrium in the Extraction Process
Batch Extraction
Continuous Extraction
Questions
Reactor Calculations
Reactors in Refineries and Petrochemical Plants
Reaction Stoichiometry, Mechanism, and Pathways
Rate of Reaction and Kinetic Equations
Batch, Continuous Stirred Tank Reactor, and Plug Flow Reactor Concepts
Naphtha Reformer Calculations
Calculations for a Fluidised Catalytic Cracking Reactor
Elements of Pipeline Transfer Facilities
Pipes and Tubes
Fittings and Supports
Crude Oil Transfer Lines
Product Transfer Lines
Gas Transfer Lines
Pumps and Compressors
Power Calculations for Pumping and Compression
Instrumentation and Control in a Refinery
Control Hardware
Control Loops
The Process Piping and Instrumentation Diagram
Control Software
Distributed Control System
The Control Room
Crude Throughput Control
Desalter Control
Atmospheric Distillation Column Control
Vacuum Distillation Control
Reformer Unit Control
Fluid Catalytic Cracking Unit Control
Fail-Safe Devices
Standard Signals in Process Control
Miscellaneous
Startup
Shutdown
Maintenance of Plant and Equipments
Fire and Explosion
Factories Act
Safety Analysis
Plant Management and Economics
Cost of Equipment
Cost of a Plant
Operating Cost
Product Cost
Profit and Product Price
Taxes and Duties
Breakeven Point, Payout Period, and Rate of Return
Linear Programming
Material Audit
Energy Audit
Appendix
Subject Index

Über Autor(innen)

Uttam Ray Chaudhuri is an associate professor in the Department of Chemical Technology, University of Calcutta. He holds a Doctoral Degree in Chemical Engineering from the Indian Institute of Technology, Kharagpur, India. He received his graduate and postgraduate degrees in chemical engineering from Jadavpur University. With 30 years experience in industry, research, and teaching in the field of chemical engineering and technology, he has a number of research publications in foreign and Indian journals to his credit. Professor Chaudhuri has also served as a chemical engineer in the Indian Oil Corporation Ltd. in the refineries and pipe line division.