Csanády / Kovács / Magoss Optimum Design and Manufacture of Wood Products

1. Auflage 2019
ISBN: 978-3-030-16688-5
Verlag: Springer International Publishing
Format: PDF
Kopierschutz: 1 - PDF Watermark

E-Book, Englisch, 473 Seiten

This monograph presents state-of-the-art knowledge in wood manufacturing design with a special focus on the elaboration of functional relationships. The authors transfer and apply the method of functional relationships to challenges in wood manufacturing, and the book contains many worked examples which help the reader to better understand the presented method. The topical spectrum includes machining processes, energy consumption, surface quality, hardness and durability properties as well as aesthetical properties. The target audience primarily comprises research experts and practitioners in wood manufacturing, but the book may also be beneficial for graduate students alike. 

Autoren/Hrsg.

Csanády, Etele

Kovács, Zsolt

Magoss, Endre

Ratnasingam, Jegatheswaran

Inhaltsverzeichnis

1;Foreword;6
2;Preface;8
3;Contents;10
4;1 Overview of Problems;14
4.1;1.1 Introduction;14
4.2;1.2 Product Design and Development;15
4.3;1.3 Manufacturing of Products;20
5;2 Functional Relationships;23
5.1;2.1 Introduction;23
5.2;2.2 Purpose and Role of Functional Relationships;23
5.3;2.3 Classification of Functional Relationships;25
5.4;2.4 Cutting Force and Energy Requirement;26
5.4.1;2.4.1 Knife Machining;26
5.4.2;2.4.2 Sanding;35
5.5;2.5 The Tool Life Equation;43
5.6;2.6 Roughness Relationships;48
5.6.1;2.6.1 Roughness Characterization;48
5.6.2;2.6.2 Anatomical Characterization of Wood;51
5.6.3;2.6.3 Interrelations Among Roughness Parameters;58
5.6.4;2.6.4 The Use of Structure Number;63
5.6.5;2.6.5 Effect of Machining on the Surface Roughness;69
5.6.6;2.6.6 Influence of Wetting on Surface Roughness;83
5.7;2.7 Mechanics of Upholstering;87
5.7.1;2.7.1 Upholstering Material Properties;87
5.7.2;2.7.2 Mechanical Behaviour of Soft Tissue;96
5.7.3;2.7.3 Numerical Examples;101
5.8;2.8 The Hardness of Wood;105
5.9;2.9 Abrasion Resistance Property;114
5.10;2.10 Wetting Properties of Wood Surfaces;118
5.11;2.11 Colour Properties of Woods;127
5.11.1;2.11.1 Properties of the Reflection Curve, the Colour Hue;127
5.11.2;2.11.2 Lightness of Colour;134
5.11.3;2.11.3 Practical Application of Colour Properties;140
5.12;2.12 Gloss Properties of Wood Surfaces;142
5.13;2.13 Objective Functions;151
5.13.1;2.13.1 Optimization of Machining Processes;152
5.13.2;2.13.2 Maximization of Production Rate;154
5.13.3;2.13.3 Minimization of Machining Costs;156
6;3 Principles of Optimization;158
6.1;3.1 Introduction;158
6.2;3.2 General Remarks;158
6.3;3.3 Science and Natural Laws. Optimum “Design” of a Growing Tree;160
6.4;3.4 Scientific Methods of Optimization;164
6.5;3.5 Mathematical Methods of Optimization;171
6.6;3.6 Application of Engineering Optimization Methods;176
6.6.1;3.6.1 Dust Collecting System;177
6.6.2;3.6.2 Wood Machining Process;180
6.6.3;3.6.3 Edge Machining;183
6.6.4;3.6.4 Lifetime of the Tool;186
6.6.5;3.6.5 Manufacturing Costs;191
6.6.6;3.6.6 Primary Wood Processing;199
6.6.7;3.6.7 Steaming of Wood;206
6.6.8;3.6.8 Surface Finish of Wood;210
6.6.9;3.6.9 Production of Veneered Panels;214
6.6.10;3.6.10 Bending of Solid Wood;218
7;4 Design Principles;225
7.1;4.1 Introduction;225
7.2;4.2 Overview of Current Practice in Design of Furniture and Other End-User Wood Products;225
7.2.1;4.2.1 Market-Pull and Technology-Push Product Development;225
7.2.2;4.2.2 Predominant Issues in New Product Development in Woodworking Industry and the Role of Intuition;226
7.2.3;4.2.3 Methodological Problems in Comparison with Other Branches of Industry;227
7.2.4;4.2.4 Need for Systematic Product Development and Engineering Design;229
7.3;4.3 Application of Principles of Systematic Product Development;231
7.3.1;4.3.1 General Flow of the Development Process, Possible Process Models;231
7.3.2;4.3.2 Designing Quality into the Products and Manufacturing Processes—Methods and Tools to Be Used;239
7.3.3;4.3.3 Use of the Concept of Integrated Product Model;252
7.4;4.4 Engineering Design of Furniture and Other Non-structural Wood Products—Basic Concepts of Design;254
7.4.1;4.4.1 Design for Performance—Optimum Risk of Failure;254
7.4.2;4.4.2 SSI (Stress–Strength Interference) and SST (Stress–Strength–Time) Models Applied to Design for Lifetime Performance of Furniture;256
7.5;4.5 Engineering Design of Furniture—Strength Design;258
7.5.1;4.5.1 Considerations on the Theory of Strength Design;259
7.5.2;4.5.2 Design Values of Actions and Action Effects;261
7.5.3;4.5.3 Design Values of Material Properties and Member Resistance;265
7.5.4;4.5.4 Setting Up the Mathematical Model—Modelling Tools;274
7.5.5;4.5.5 Interpretation of the Results of Solving the Mathematical Model;287
7.5.6;4.5.6 Comparison of Model Computational Results and the Limiting Values;288
7.5.7;4.5.7 Examples of Furniture Strength Design;298
7.6;4.6 Description of Wood Joint Strength and Stiffness by Using Similarity Relationships;326
7.6.1;4.6.1 Choosing Parameters of the Similarity Relationships—General Remarks;327
7.6.2;4.6.2 Dowel Joints: Withdrawal Strength, In-Plane Bending Resistance, Out-of-Plane Bending Resistance;328
7.6.3;4.6.3 Mortise and Tenon Joints—Withdrawal Strength, In-Plane Bending Resistance;340
7.6.4;4.6.4 Open Mortise and Tenon Corner Joint In-Plane Bending Resistance;346
7.6.5;4.6.5 Influencing Factors of Stiffness of Furniture Joints—General Remarks;349
7.6.6;4.6.6 In-Plane Bending Stiffness of Dowel Joints;350
7.6.7;4.6.7 In-Plane Bending Stiffness of Mortise and Tenon Joints;351
7.7;4.7 Engineering Design of Wood-Based Products—Designing Capable and Reliable Products;353
7.7.1;4.7.1 Tolerance and Machining Accuracy;353
7.7.2;4.7.2 Experimental Study of Machining Accuracy;356
7.7.3;4.7.3 Tolerance Design;359
7.7.4;4.7.4 Worked Examples of Tolerance Design;364
7.7.5;4.7.5 Optimization of Fit and Tolerances—Example;369
7.7.6;4.7.6 Optimization of Gap Sizes—Revisiting the Problem of Commode Drawer of Sect. 4.3.2;372
8;5 Furniture Production Processes: Theory to Practice;377
8.1;5.1 Introduction;377
8.2;5.2 Overview of the Global Furniture Industry;378
8.2.1;5.2.1 Design Evolution;378
8.2.2;5.2.2 Major Producers Around the World;379
8.2.3;5.2.3 Manufacturing Technology;380
8.2.4;5.2.4 Manufacturing Scheme-Production Flow;381
8.3;5.3 General Principles of Optimum Manufacture;384
8.3.1;5.3.1 Product Structure and Customer Needs;384
8.3.2;5.3.2 Degree of Automation, CIM;387
8.3.3;5.3.3 Inventory in Manufacturing;390
8.3.4;5.3.4 Economic Order Quantity for Inventory;391
8.3.5;5.3.5 Optimized Production Technology;395
8.4;5.4 The Main Woodworking Operations;398
8.4.1;5.4.1 Introductory Remarks;398
8.4.2;5.4.2 Rough Milling;400
8.4.3;5.4.3 Sawing Operations;403
8.4.4;5.4.4 Machining and Components Preparation;407
8.4.5;5.4.5 Joint Formation;410
8.4.6;5.4.6 Abrasive Sanding Process;413
8.4.7;5.4.7 The Use of CNC Machines;417
8.4.8;5.4.8 Through-Feed Machine Lines;418
8.5;5.5 Finishing and Surface Coating;422
8.5.1;5.5.1 General Remarks;422
8.5.2;5.5.2 Types of Coatings;423
8.5.3;5.5.3 Properties of Coating Materials;423
8.5.4;5.5.4 Applying Coating Materials;426
8.6;5.6 Packaging of Finished Goods;427
8.7;5.7 Value-Adding Technologies;428
9;Appendix;432
10;Literature;460
11;Index;470