Das Biometric Technology

Authentication, Biocryptography, and Cloud-Based Architecture
1. Auflage 2014
ISBN: 978-1-4665-9246-9
Verlag: Taylor & Francis
Format: PDF
Kopierschutz: Adobe DRM (»Systemvoraussetzungen)

E-Book, Englisch, 374 Seiten

Most biometric books are either extraordinarily technical for technophiles or extremely elementary for the lay person. Striking a balance between the two, Biometric Technology: Authentication, Biocryptography, and Cloud-Based Architecture is ideal for business, IT, or security managers that are faced with the task of making purchasing, migration, or adoption decisions. It brings biometrics down to an understandable level, so that you can immediately begin to implement the concepts discussed.

Exploring the technological and social implications of widespread biometric use, the book considers the science and technology behind biometrics as well as how it can be made more affordable for small and medium-sized business. It also presents the results of recent research on how the principles of cryptography can make biometrics more secure.

Covering biometric technologies in the cloud, including security and privacy concerns, the book includes a chapter that serves as a "how-to manual" on procuring and deploying any type of biometric system. It also includes specific examples and case studies of actual biometric deployments of localized and national implementations in the U.S. and other countries.

The book provides readers with a technical background on the various biometric technologies and how they work. Examining optimal application in various settings and their respective strengths and weaknesses, it considers ease of use, false positives and negatives, and privacy and security issues. It also covers emerging applications such as biocryptography.

Although the text can be understood by just about anybody, it is an ideal resource for corporate-level executives who are considering implementing biometric technologies in their organizations.

Zielgruppe

Biometric technology developers, government agencies currently using biometric technology, IT network and security professionals interested in cloud applications, security managers, electronic security system designers and consultants, system integrators, and electronic security system manufacturers in smart cards, access control, and biometrics.

Autoren/Hrsg.

Das, Ravi

Fachgebiete

• Technische Wissenschaften Sonstige Technologien | Angewandte Technik Signalverarbeitung, Bildverarbeitung, Scanning
• Mathematik | Informatik EDV | Informatik Informatik Theoretische Informatik
• Sozialwissenschaften Politikwissenschaft Militärwesen Nationale und Internationale Sicherheits- und Verteidigungspolitik

Inhaltsverzeichnis

An Introduction to Biometrics
Our Unique Features: Physiological and Behavioral
How Our Unique Features Can Positively Identify Us: The World of Biometrics
A Formal Definition of Biometrics
What Is Recognition?
Physiological and Behavioral Biometrics
What the Future Holds
The Granular Components of Recognition
Defining the Biometric Template
The Mathematical Files of the Biometric Templates
Understanding Some of the Myths Behind Biometrics
Understanding the Differences of Verification and Enrollment Templates
Summary of Points Covered
The Biometric Process Illustrated
For the CIO: What Biometric System to Procure?
For the CIO: Important KPIs to Be Examined
Looking beyond the KPI
U.S. Federal Government Biometric Metrics and KPI
Biometric Data Interchange Formats
Common Biometric Exchange Format Framework
Biometric Technical Interface Standards
U.S. Federal Government Biometric Testing Standards
A Review of Biometric Sensors
Optical Scanners
Solid-State Sensors
Ultrasound Sensors
Temperature Differential Sensors
Multispectral Imaging Sensors
Touchless Fingerprint Sensors
CCD Cameras
3-D Sensors/Review of Biometric Sensors in Use
The Disadvantages of Sensors
Typical Biometric Market Segments
Logical Access Control
Physical Access Control
Time and Attendance
Law Enforcement
Surveillance
Review of Chapter 1

A Review of the Present and Future Biometric Technologies
The Biometric Technologies of Today: Physical and Behavioral
Differences between Physical Biometrics and Behavioral Biometrics
Which One to Use: Physical or Behavioral Biometrics?
Fingerprint Recognition
The Unique Features
The Process of Fingerprint Recognition
Fingerprint Recognition Quality Control Checks
Methods of Fingerprint Collection
The Matching Algorithm
Fingerprint Recognition: Advantages and Disadvantages
Market Applications of Fingerprint Recognition
Hand Geometry Recognition
Hand Geometry Recognition: Enrollment Process
Hand Geometry Recognition: Advantages and Disadvantages
Vein Pattern Recognition
Components of Vein Pattern Recognition
How Vein Pattern Recognition Works
Vein Pattern Recognition: Advantages and Disadvantages
Palm Print Recognition
How Palm Print Recognition Works
Palm Print Recognition: Advantages and Disadvantages
Facial Recognition
Facial Recognition: How It Works
Defining the Effectiveness of a Facial Recognition System
Techniques of Facial Recognition
Facial Recognition: Advantages and Disadvantages
Applications of Facial Recognition
The Eye: The Iris and the Retina
The Iris
The Physiological Structure of the Iris
Iris Recognition: How It Works
The Market Applications of Iris Recognition
Iris Recognition: Advantages and Disadvantages
The Retina
The Physiology of the Retina
The Process of Retinal Recognition
Retinal Recognition: Advantages and Disadvantages
Voice Recognition
Voice Recognition: How It Works
Factors Affecting Voice Recognition
Voice Recognition: Advantages and Disadvantages
The Market Applications of Voice Recognition
Signature Recognition
The Differences between a Signature and Signature Recognition
Signature Recognition: How It Works
Signature Recognition: Advantages and Disadvantages
Keystroke Recognition
Keystroke Recognition: How It Works
Keystroke Recognition: Advantages and Disadvantages
Biometric Technologies of the Future
DNA Recognition
DNA Recognition: How It Works
DNA Recognition: Advantages and Disadvantages
Gait Recognition
The Process behind Gait Recognition
Gait Recognition: Advantages and Disadvantages
Earlobe Recognition
Earlobe Recognition: How It Works
Earlobe Recognition: Advantages and Disadvantages
Review of Chapter 2

For the C-Level Executive: A Biometrics Project Management Guide
Biometric Technology System Architecture
Sensing and Data Acquisition
Multimodal Biometric Systems
Single Sign-On Solutions
Implementing a Multimodal Biometric System
Challenges with Multimodal Biometric Systems
Signal and Image Processing
Preprocessing of the Biometric Raw Image
Quality Control Checks
Image Enhancement
Feature Extraction
Postprocessing
Data Compression
Data Storage
Search and Retrieval Techniques
Database Search Algorithms
Backup and Recovery of the Database
Database Configurations
Template Matching
Threshold Decision Making
Administration Decision Making
Biometric Templates Adaptation
Establishment of the Security Threshold Values
Reporting and Control
System Mode Adjustment
Privileges to End Users
Data Transmission
Biometrics Project Management
System Concepts and Classification Schemes
Upgrading to a Newer Biometric System?
The Feasibility Study
Application Classifiers
System Design and Interoperability Factors and Considerations
COTS -Based Biometric Systems
Proprietary or Open-Ended System?
Infrastructure Assessment
The Human Equation
Ergonomic Issues
The Feedback System
Population Dynamics
Systems Requirements Analysis
System Requirements Elicitation
System Requirement Analysis and Regulation
System Requirements Documentation
System Requirements Validation
Biometric System Specifications
System Architectural and Processing Designs
Storage and Matching Combinations
Operational Architecture Design—Multimodal Systems
The Information Processing Architecture
Subsystem Analysis and Design
Data Storage Subsystem Design Considerations
Database Management System
Determining the Security Threshold
Subsystem Implementation and Testing
System Deployment and Integration
Middleware
The Biometric Interface
End User/Administrator Training
System Maintenance
Upgrading an Existing System/Fine Tuning
System Reports and Logs
System Networking
Network Processing Loads
A Networking Scenario
Biometric Networking Topologies
Data Packets
Data Packet Subcomponents
Data Packet Switching
Network Protocols
TCP/IP
Client–Server Network Topology
Peer-to-Peer Network Topology
Routers
Routing Tables
Network Traffic Collisions
Review of Chapter 3

An Introduction to Biocryptography
Cryptography and Biocryptography
Introduction to Cryptography
Message Scrambling and Descrambling
Encryption and Decryption
Ciphertexts
Symmetric Key Systems and Asymmetric Key Systems
The Caesar Methodology
Types of Cryptographic Attacks
Polyalphabetic Encryption 210
Block Ciphers
Initialization Vectors
Cipher Block Chaining
Disadvantages of Symmetric Key Cryptography
The Key Distribution Center
Mathematical Algorithms with Symmetric Cryptography
The Hashing Function
Asymmetric Key Cryptography
Keys and Public Private Keys
The Differences between Asymmetric and Symmetric Cryptography
The Disadvantages of Asymmetric Cryptography
The Mathematical Algorithms of Asymmetric Cryptography
The Public Key Infrastructure
The Digital Certificates
How PKI Works
PKI Policies and Rules
The Lightweight Directory Access Protocol
The Public Cryptography Standards
Parameters of Public Keys and Private Keys
How Many Servers?
Security Policies
Securing the Public Keys and the Private Keys
Message Digests and Hashes
Security Vulnerabilities of Hashes
Virtual Private Networks
IP Tunneling
Mobile VPNs
Is the VPN Worth It?
Conducting a VPN Cost–Benefit Analysis
Implementing a VPN
The Components of a VPN Security Policy
End Users and Employees
The Network Requirements
Building Your Own VPN
Impacts to the Web Server
Impacts to the Application Server
Impacts to the Database Server
Impacts to the Firewall
VPN Testing
Implementing a VPN
Managing Public and Private Key Exchanges
The Access Control List
Internet Drafts
Four Vulnerabilities of a Biometrics VPN
Biocryptography
The Cipher Biometric Template
Biocryptography Keys
A Review of How Biocryptography Can Be Used to Further Protect
Fingerprint and Iris Templates
Biocryptography in a Single Biometric System
Biocryptography in a Client–Server Biometric System
Biocryptography in a Hosted Biometrics Environment
Biocryptography and VPNs
IPSec
Review of Chapter 4

An Introduction to Biometrics in the Cloud
Introduction to Cloud Computing
The Basic Concepts and Terminology Surrounding Cloud Computing
The Cloud
Two Distinctions
The IT Resource
On Premise
Scalability
Asset Scaling
Proportional Costs
Scalability
Availability and Reliability
SLA Agreements
The Challenges and Risks of Cloud Computing
Security Risk and Challenge
Reduced Operational Governance
Limited Portability
Compliance and Legal Issues
The Functions and Characteristics of Cloud Computing
On-Demand Usage
Ubiquitous Access
Resource Pooling
Elasticity
Measured Usage
Resiliency
Cloud-Computing Delivery Models
Infrastructure as a Service
Platform as a Service
Software as a Service
Cloud-Computing Deployment Models
Public Cloud
Community Cloud
Private Cloud
Hybrid Cloud
The Security Threats Posed to Cloud Computing
Confidentiality
Integrity
Authenticity
Availability
Threat
Vulnerability
Security Risk
Security Controls
Security Mechanisms
Security Policies
Anonymous Attacker
Malicious Service Agent
Trusted Attacker
Malicious Insider
Traffic Eavesdropping
Malicious Intermediary
Denial of Service
Insufficient Authorization
Virtualization Attack
Overlapping Trust Boundaries
Important Mechanisms of Cloud Computing
Load Balancers
Pay-per-Use Monitor
Audit Monitor
Failover System
Hypervisor
Resource Clustering
Server Cluster
Database Cluster
Large Data-Set Cluster
Cloud Computing Cost Metrics and Service Quality Mechanisms
Network Usage
Server Usage
Cloud Storage Device Usage
Other Cost Management Considerations
Service Availability Metrics
Service Reliability Metrics
Service Performance Metrics
Service Scalability Metrics
Service Resiliency Metrics
An Introduction to Biometrics in the Cloud
Virtual Servers
Storage
Networks
A Detailed Example of How Biometrics in the Cloud Would Look Like
A Review of the Advantages and the Disadvantages of Biometrics in the Cloud

Über Autor(innen)

Ravindra Das was born and raised in West Lafayette, Indiana. He received his undergraduate degree from Purdue University, MS from Southern Illinois University, Carbondale, Illinois, and MBA from Bowling Green State University in international trade and management information systems, respectively.

He has been involved in biometrics for more than 15 years and currently owns a biometrics consultancy firm (Apollo Biometrics) based in Chicago, Illinois. He has been published extensively in Europe.