Lynn / Eysenck Attention, Arousal and the Orientation Reaction

International Series of Monographs in Experimental Psychology
1. Auflage 2013
ISBN: 978-1-4831-8571-2
Verlag: Elsevier Science & Techn.
Format: PDF
Kopierschutz: 1 - PDF Watermark

E-Book, Englisch, 126 Seiten, Web PDF

Attention, Arousal and the Orientation Reaction aims to present in a volume the works of Pavlov, an eminent Russian physiologist known for his contributions, specifically the classical conditioning. This book contains the interpretations and theories in physiological terms, and elaborates on the neurological models of significant interest. The â??orientation reactionâ? is described, and the Sokolov's model, which is claimed to be the most comprehensive model for the orientation reaction, is then illustrated. This text also explains the phenomenon of habituation, wherein facts involved are summarized in a chapter. A discussion on the numerous neurological models of the habituation process is then given. This text notes that the models are divided into ''one-stage models'' and ''two-stage models.'' Other topics presented are the effects of transforming a neutral stimulus into a conditioned stimulus; the orientation reaction in ontogenetic and phylogenetic development; and the orientation reaction in the measurement of individual differences. This book will be beneficial to those fascinated with the works of Pavlov, especially the psychology students and practitioners.

Autoren/Hrsg.

Lynn, R.

Eysenck, H. J.

Inhaltsverzeichnis

1;Front Cover;1
2;Attention, Arousal and the Orientation Reaction;4
3;Copyright Page;5
4;Table of Contents;6
5;FOREWORD;8
6;ACKNOWLEDGEMENTS;9
7;CHAPTER 1. THE ORIENTATION REACTION;10
7.1;COMPONENTS OF THE ORIENTATION REACTION;11
7.2;GENERALIZED AND LOCALIZED ORIENTATION REACTIONS;13
7.3;INDIVIDUAL DIFFERENCES IN THE ORIENTATION REACTION;14
7.4;FUNCTIONS OF THE ORIENTATION REACTION;14
7.5;OTHER REACTIONS;15
7.6;STIMULI ELICITING THE ORIENTATION REACTION;19
8;CHAPTER 2. PHYSIOLOGICAL MECHANISMS IN THE ORIENTATION REACTION;23
8.1;THE FALL IN SENSORY THRESHOLDS;28
9;CHAPTER 3. THE HABITUATION OF THE ORIENTATION REACTION;33
9.1;THE COURSE OF HABITUATION OF THE ORIENTATION REACTION;33
9.2;VARIABLES AFFECTING HABITUATION;35
10;CHAPTER 4. NEUROLOGICAL MODELS FOR HABITUATION OF THE ORIENTATION REACTION;42
10.1;PAVLOV;42
10.2;SHARPLESS AND JASPER;44
10.3;GASTAUT;48
10.4;SOKOLOV;51
10.5;THE NEUROPHYSIOLOGY OF THE NERVOUS MODEL;53
10.6;INHIBITORY ROLE OF THE CORTEX IN HABITUATION;54
10.7;MORUZZI;58
10.8;GRASTYAN;63
10.9;JOUVET;65
10.10;HERNÁNDEZ - PEÓN: AFFERENT NEURONAL HABITUATION;67
11;CHAPTER 5. CONDITIONED ORIENTATION REACTIONS AND THE ROLE OF THE ORIENTATION REACTION IN CONDITIONING;71
11.1;METHODS OF CONDITIONING STIMULI;71
11.2;EFFECTS OF CONDITIONING A STIMULUS;71
11.3;THE FORMATION OF CONDITIONED RESPONSES;78
11.4;CONDITIONING HABITUATED STIMULI;83
11.5;RECIPROCAL INHIBITION RELATIONSHIP OF THE ORIENTATION REACTION AND THE CONDITIONED REFLEX;86
11.6;ORIENTATION REACTIONS IN MENTALLY DEFECTIVE CHILDREN;87
11.7;NEUROLOGICAL MECHANISMS FOR THE EFFECTS OF CONDITIONING STIMULI;88
11.8;IS THE ORIENTATION REACTION A CONDITIONED OR AN UNCONDITIONED REACTION?;89
12;CHAPTER 6. THE ORIENTATION REACTION IN ONTOGENETIC AND PHYLOGENETIC DEVELOPMENT;91
12.1;ORIENTATION REACTIONS IN THE NEWLY BORN;91
12.2;HABITUATION IN YOUNG ANIMALS;95
12.3;THE ROLE OF THE ORIENTATION REACTION IN THE ACQUISITION OF MOTOR SKILLS IN CHILDREN;96
12.4;PHYLOGENETIC DIFFERENCES IN THE ORIENTATION REACTION;99
13;CHAPTER 7. THE ORIENTATION REACTION IN THE MEASUREMENT OF INDIVIDUAL DIFFERENCES;101
13.1;THE ORIENTATION REACTION IN PATHOLOGICAL STATES;102
13.2;PERSONALITY DIFFERENCES IN THE ORIENTATION REACTION AMONG NORMAL SUBJECTS;103
13.3;THE WORK OF TEPLOV;105
14;REFERENCES;116
15;AUTHOR INDEX;126
16;SUBJECT INDEX;128