Meister Human Factors Testing and Evaluation

1. Auflage 2014
ISBN: 978-1-4832-9521-3
Verlag: Elsevier Science & Techn.
Format: PDF
Kopierschutz: 1 - PDF Watermark

E-Book, Englisch, Band Volume 5, 435 Seiten, Web PDF

Reihe: Advances in Human Factors/Ergonomics

Human factors measurement has characteristics that set it apart from psychological or engineering measurement and for that reason, human factors testing and evaluation deserves special treatment. The many excellent texts available in the behavioral area do not give an adequate picture of this topic, and this is particularly unfortunate because testing and evaluation (T&E) is an integral part of human-machine system design and operation. The emphasis in this book is on why and how to conduct such testing. One of its outstanding features is its pragmatism; based on his past experience in system testing, the author recognizes the difficulties that occur in testing and indicates how these may be overcome or minimized. Special attention has been paid to the context in which T&E is conducted. Although the book contains detailed procedures for performing T&E, the logic and the conceptual foundation of testing have not been overlooked. Comparisons are made with laboratory-centered experimentation. For those with research interests, the author points out the many research questions that can be answered by system testing. An illustrative case history of a T&E program for a fictional system has been included to provide ``real life'' context. Special problem areas in T&E are emphasized, in particular human error data collection, the evaluation of computerized systems and software, the measurement of maintenance technician and team performance; workload and training effectiveness testing. Special attention is also paid to environmental testing (e.g. temperature, lighting, noise, vibration, etc.). One chapter reviews all the relevant T&E literature including government documents that may not be readily available to the general reader. As part of the preparation for writing this text a survey was made of 45 distinguished T&E specialists in order to determine their characteristic T&E practices.The book will be useful not only to the human factors professional who specializes in T&E, but to all students and practitioners interested in human factors and work measurement.

Autoren/Hrsg.

Meister, D.

Inhaltsverzeichnis

1;Front Cover;1
2;Human Factors Testing and Evaluation;4
3;Copyright Page;5
4;Table of Contents;10
5;Dedication;6
6;Preface;8
7;Glossary of Abbreviations;12
8;CHAPTER 1. INTRODUCTION TO HUMAN FACTORS TEST AND EVALUATION;14
8.1;1.1 INTRODUCTION;14
8.2;1.2 DEFINITIONS;14
8.3;1.3 WHAT DO WE ATTEMPT TO MEASURE?;21
8.4;1.4 TESTING AND EVALUATION PURPOSES;23
8.5;1.5 SYSTEM DEVELOPMENT AS A TESTING CONTEXT;28
8.6;1.6 LABORATORY RESEARCH COMPARED WITH PERFORMANCE TESTING;35
8.7;1.7 TEST SITUATIONS;38
8.8;1.8 ASSUMPTIONS UNDERLYING HUMAN PERFORMANCE TESTING AND EVALUATION;41
8.9;1.9 FACTORS AFFECTING TESTING ADEQUACY;42
8.10;1.10 THE REMAINDER OF THE BOOK;58
9;CHAPTER 2. INTRODUCTION TO MOCKUP, DEVELOPMENTAL AND OPERATIONAL TESTING;63
9.1;2.1 INTRODUCTION;63
9.2;2.2 MOCKUPS;63
9.3;2.3 DEVELOPMENTAL TESTS;73
9.4;2.4 OPERATIONAL TESTING;75
9.5;2.5 AN ILLUSTRATIVE SYSTEM;78
10;CHAPTER 3. DEVELOPMENT OF THE TEST PLAN;98
10.1;3.1 INTRODUCTION;98
10.2;3.2 SECTION 1.0, PURPOSE OF THE TEST;104
10.3;3.3 SECTION 2.0, DESCRIPTION OF THE SYSTEM;109
10.4;3.4 SECTION 3.0, EXPERIMENTAL COMPARISONS;111
10.5;3.5 SECTION 4.0, DIMENSIONS, CRITERIA, MEASURES, AND SYSTEMS;114
10.6;3.6 SECTION 5.0, DATA COLLECTION METHODS;131
10.7;3.7 SECTION 6.0, SUBJECT CHARACTERISTICS;135
10.8;3.8 SECTION 7.0, CONSTRAINTS;138
10.9;3.9 SECTION 8.0, DATA ANALYSIS;142
10.10;3.10 SECTION 9.0, TESTING SCHEDULE;146
10.11;3.11 CONDUCTING THE TEST;146
10.12;3.12 TEST REPORTING;148
11;CHAPTER 4. MEASUREMENT METHODS;154
11.1;4.1 INTRODUCTION;154
11.2;4.2 JOB PERFORMANCE OBSERVATION;154
11.3;4.3 INTRODUCTION TO SELF-REPORT TECHNIQUES;168
11.4;4.4 THE INTERVIEW;169
11.5;4.5 QUESTIONNAIRES;179
11.6;4.6 RATING METHODS;196
11.7;4.7 MISCELLANEOUS SUBJECTIVE METHODS;207
11.8;4.8 ACTIVITY ANALYSIS;212
11.9;4.9 OBJECTIVE MEASURES;214
11.10;4.10 CONCLUDING COMMENTS;223
12;CHAPTER 5. ENVIRONMENTAL TESTING;228
12.1;5.1 INTRODUCTION;228
12.2;5.2 INSTRUMENTATION;229
12.3;5.3 LIGHTING MEASUREMENTS;231
12.4;5.4 NOISE MEASUREMENT;234
12.5;5.5 VIBRATION MEASUREMENT;244
12.6;5.6 ATMOSPHERIC COMPOSITION MEASUREMENT;249
12.7;5.7 TEMPERATURE, HUMIDITY, AND VENTILATION MEASUREMENT;255
12.8;5.8 VISIBILITY MEASUREMENT;257
12.9;5.9 SUBJECTIVE METHODS OF ENVIRONMENTAL TESTING;259
13;CHAPTER 6. SPECIAL MEASUREMENT PROBLEMS;262
13.1;6.1 INTRODUCTION;262
13.2;6.2 HUMAN ERROR;262
13.3;6.3 EVALUATION OF COMPUTERIZED SYSTEMS AND SOFTWARE;280
13.4;6.4 MAINTENANCE PERFORMANCE DATA COLLECTION;288
13.5;6.5 TEAM PERFORMANCE MEASUREMENT;299
13.6;6.6 WORKLOAD EVALUATION;308
13.7;6.7 EVALUATION OF TRAINING SYSTEMS AND DEVICES;315
13.8;6.8 TRANSFER EFFECTIVENESS;324
14;CHAPTER 7. THE TESTING LITERATURE;334
14.1;7.1 INTRODUCTION;334
14.2;7.2 HANDBOOKS: THE OVERALL TESTING PROCESS;336
14.3;7.3 TEST PLANNING;341
14.4;7.4 CRITERIA, MEASURES AND MEASUREMENT MODELS;341
14.5;7.5 SPECIFIC MEASUREMENT TECHNIQUES;346
14.6;7.6 FIELD TESTING AND TEST REPORTS;349
14.7;7.7 TRAINING EFFECTIVENESS EVALUATION;352
14.8;7.8 HUMAN ENGINEERING REVIEWS;354
14.9;7.9 SYSTEM DEVELOPMENT AND GOVERNMENTAL PROCESSES;355
14.10;7.10 MAINTAINABILITY;356
14.11;7.11 MISCELLANEOUS;360
14.12;7.12 COMMENTS ON THE TESTING LITERATURE;361
14.13;APPENDICES A-G;372
15;CHAPTER 8. THE STATUS OF TEST AND EVALUATION PRACTICE;400
15.1;8.1 INTRODUCTION;400
15.2;8.2 THE STATUS OF T&E PRACTICE;400
15.3;8.3 SUMMARY;425
16;INDEX;431