Pandian Reproduction and Development in Mollusca

Erscheinungsjahr 2017
ISBN: 978-1-351-77965-4
Verlag: Taylor & Francis
Format: PDF
Kopierschutz: Adobe DRM (»Systemvoraussetzungen)

E-Book, Englisch, 320 Seiten

Reihe: Reproduction and Development in Aquatic Invertebrates

This book is perhaps the first attempt to comprehensively project the uniqueness of molluscs, covering almost all aspects of reproduction and development from aplacophorans to vampyromorphic cephalopods. Molluscs are unique for the presence of protective external shell, defensive inking, geographic distribution from the depth of 9,050 m to an altitude of 4,300 m, gamete diversity, the use of nurse eggs and embryos to accelerate the first few mitotic divisions in embryos, the natural occurrence of androgenics in a couple of bivalves, viable induced tetraploids, gigantism induced by elevated ploidy, the complementary role played by mitochondrial genome in sex determination by nuclear genes and the uptake and accumulation of steroid hormone from surrounding waters. In molluscs, sexuality comprises of gonochorism (< 75 %) and hermaphroditism, which itself includes simultaneous (> 24%), protandry (< 1 %), Marian and serial. In them, the presence of shell affords iteroparity and relatively longer life span in prosobranchs and bivalves but its absence semelparity and short life span in opisthobranchs and cephalopods. Within semelparity, gonochorism facilitates faster growth and larger body size but hermaphroditism small body size. In them, sex is irrevocably determined at fertilization by a few unknown genes and is not amenable to any environmental influence. However, the sex determining mechanism is more a family trait in bivalves. Primary sex differentiation is also fixed and not amenable to environmental factor but secondary differentiation is labile, protracted and amenable to environmental factors. Both sex differentiation and reproductive cycle are accomplished and controlled solely by neurohormones. In these processes, the role of steroid hormones may be alien to molluscs.

Autoren/Hrsg.

Pandian, T. J.

Fachgebiete

• Naturwissenschaften Biowissenschaften Biowissenschaften Biowissenschaften, Biologie: Sachbuch, Naturführer
• Naturwissenschaften Biowissenschaften Entwicklungsbiologie
• Naturwissenschaften Biowissenschaften Biowissenschaften Meeres- und Süßwasserökologie
• Naturwissenschaften Biowissenschaften Tierkunde / Zoologie

Inhaltsverzeichnis

Introduction
Molluscan Science
Taxonomy and Distribution
Thermal Vents and Cold Seeps
Energy Budgets
Life Span and Generation Time
Spermatogenesis and Fertilization
Ontogenetic Development
Locomotion and Dispersal
Molluscan Fisheries

Shell and Reproduction
Structure and Diversity
Latitudes, Predators and Parasites
Shell and Resource Allocation
Symmetry and Sinistrals
Chemical Defense

Sexual Reproduction
Reproductive Systems
Gonochorism
Pathenogenesis
Hermaphroditism
Mates and Mating Systems
Alternative Mating System (AMS)
Multiple Paternity
Encapsulation and Nurse Eggs
Poecilogony and Dispersal Dimorphism
Brood Protection and Viviparity
Fecundity

Regeneration and Asexual Reproduction
Gastropods
Clio pyrimidata

Aestivation
Seasonal Aestivation
Tidal Aestivation
‘Biological Weapon’

Sex Determination
Inheritance of Color and Symmetry
Karyotypes and Heterogametism
Spawning Induction and Cryopreservation
Ploidy Induction and Gigantism
Mitochondrial Genome
Sex Determination Models

Sex Differentiation
Neuroendocrines
Steroid Hormones
Endocrines Disruption
Parasitic Disruption

Ocean Acidification
Chemistry of Seawater
Pelagic Molluscs
Benthic Molluscs
Persistent Carry-over Effects
Effects on Prey-Predators

Uniqueness of Molluscs
Shell and Iteroparity
Gamete Diversity
Gigantism and Polyploidy
Sexuality and Paternity
Double Uniparental Inheritance (DUI)
Vertebrate Type Steroids
Aestivation vs Cysts

References