Reilly Functional Plasticity and Genetic Variation

Insights into the Neurobiology of Alcoholism
1. Auflage 2010
ISBN: 978-0-12-381277-3
Verlag: Elsevier Science & Techn.
Format: PDF
Kopierschutz: 1 - PDF Watermark

E-Book, Englisch, Band Volume 91, 360 Seiten, Web PDF

Reihe: International Review of Neurobiology

With recent advances of modern medicine more people reach the 'elderly age' around the globe and the number of dementia cases are ever increasing. This book is about various aspects of dementia and provides its readers with a wide range of thought-provoking sub-topics in the field of dementia. The ultimate goal of this monograph is to stimulate other physicians' and neuroscientists' interest to carry out more research projects into pathogenesis of this devastating group of diseases.

Autoren/Hrsg.

Reilly, Matthew

Inhaltsverzeichnis

1;Cover;1
2;International Review of Neurobiology;2
3;Copyright;5
4;Contents;6
5;Contributors;10
6;Preface;12
7;The Role of microRNAs in Drug Addiction: A Big Lesson from Tiny Molecules;14
7.1;I. Introduction;15
7.2;II. microRNA;16
7.3;III. microRNA and Alcohol;20
7.4;IV. Future Directions;29
7.5;V. Conclusions;29
7.6;References;30
8;The Genetics of Behavioral Alcohol Responses in Drosophila;38
8.1;I. Introduction;39
8.2;II. Ethanol Exposure in Flies;41
8.3;III. Genes and Biochemical Pathways Involved in Alcohol Responses;48
8.4;IV. Neural Circuits Involved in Ethanol Responses;58
8.5;V. Conclusions;59
8.6;References;60
9;Neural Plasticity, Human Genetics, and Riskfor Alcohol Dependence;66
9.1;I. Introduction;67
9.2;II. Brain Plasticity;70
9.3;III. The Case for Intermediate Phenotypes or Endophenotypes;74
9.4;IV. Brain Morphology as an Endophenotype for Alcohol Dependence Risk;79
9.5;V. Brain Functional Differences—Familial Risk and Developmental Stage;83
9.6;VI. Brain Structural and Functional Effects and Genetic Variation;90
9.7;VII. Conclusions;96
9.8;References;97
10;Using Expression Genetics to Study the Neurobiology of Ethanol and Alcoholism;108
10.1;I. Introduction;109
10.2;II. Genetic and Genomic Approaches in Alcohol Research;110
10.3;III. Genetic Analysis of Gene Expression;120
10.4;IV. Recognizing Biological Function in Genetical Genomics Studies;129
10.5;V. Current Problems and Future Solutions;132
10.6;Acknowledgments;137
10.7;References;137
11;Genetic Variation and Brain Gene Expression in Rodent Models of Alcoholism: Implications for Medication Development;142
11.1;I. Alcohol Addiction, Genetic Susceptibility, and Neuroadaptation;143
11.2;II. Animal Models and the Trajectory of Alcohol Addiction;146
11.3;III. Acute Pharmacological Responses to Alcohol;148
11.4;IV. Models of Genetic Susceptibility: Selected Rat Lines and Inbred Mouse Strains;151
11.5;V. Modeling Addiction-Related Neuroadaptations by Long-Term Alcohol Access or Forced Intoxication;163
11.6;VI. Conclusions;173
11.7;References;174
12;Identifying Quantitative Trait Loci (QTLs) and Genes (QTGs) for Alcohol-Related Phenotypes in Mice;186
12.1;I. Introduction;187
12.2;II. Quantitative Trait Locus Mapping in Mice;189
12.3;III. High-Resolution QTL Mapping;192
12.4;IV. QTG Identification;195
12.5;V. In Vivo QTG Analyses;199
12.6;VI. Epistatic and Environmental Considerations in QTL Mapping;204
12.7;VII. Human Relevance of QTGs Identified in Mice;205
12.8;VIII. General Conclusions;206
12.9;Acknowledgments;207
12.10;References;207
13;Glutamate Plasticity in the Drunken Amygdala: The Makingof an Anxious Synapse;218
13.1;I. Introduction;219
13.2;II. Use-Dependent Synaptic Plasticity;221
13.3;III. Lateral/Basolateral Amygdala, Chronic Ethanol, and Glutamatergic Mechanisms Associated with Plasticity Initiation;224
13.4;IV. Chronic Alcohol, Withdrawal, and the Expression of Synaptic Plasticity;229
13.5;V. Ethanol-Dependent Plasticity of Additional Amygdala Neurotransmitter Systems;232
13.6;VI. Conclusions and Future Directions;234
13.7;Acknowledgments.;237
13.8;References;237
14;Ethanol Action on Dopaminergic Neurons inthe Ventral Tegmental Area: Interaction with Intrinsic Ion Channels and Neurotransmitter Inputs;248
14.1;I. Introduction;249
14.2;II. The Mesolimbic DA System and Alcohol Drinking;249
14.3;III. Intrinsic and Synaptic Mechanisms Controlling DA Neuron Activity;250
14.4;IV. Acute Ethanol Action on DA Neuron Activity;263
14.5;V. Plastic Changes in DA Neuron Activity after Previous Ethanol Exposure;274
14.6;VI. Concluding Remarks;279
14.7;Acknowledgments;280
14.8;References;280
15;Alcohol and the Prefrontal Cortex;302
15.1;I. Introduction;303
15.2;II. Anatomy of the Prefrontal Cortex;303
15.3;III. The Executive Function of the Prefrontal Cortex;306
15.4;IV. Electrophysiological Properties of the PFC;309
15.5;V. Neuromodulation of PFC Neuron Activity;312
15.6;VI. Effects of Alcohol on PFC Neuron Function—In Vitro Studies;316
15.7;VII. Effects of Alcohol on PFC Neuron Function—In Vivo Animal Studies;320
15.8;VIII. Effects of Alcohol on PFC Neuron Function—Human Studies;323
15.9;IX. Summary;326
15.10;References;327
16;BK Channel and Alcohol, A Complicated Affair;334
16.1;I. Introduction;334
16.2;II. BK Channel Properties and Its Regulation by Alcohol;335
16.3;III. BK Channels in the Striatum;342
16.4;IV. Perspectives;346
16.5;Reference;346
17;A Review of Synaptic Plasticity at Purkinje Neurons with a Focus on Ethanol-Induced Cerebellar Dysfunction;352
17.1;I. Introduction;353
17.2;II. Functional Cerebellar Neuroanatomy;353
17.3;III. Overview of Cerebellar Development;358
17.4;IV. Synaptic Plasticity at Purkinje Cells;361
17.5;V. Modulation of Cerebellar Synaptic Plasticity by Ethanol;368
17.6;VI. Conclusions and Future Directions;375
17.7;Acknowledgments;378
17.8;References;378
18;Index;386
19;Contents of Recent Volumes;406