Thompson Railway Noise and Vibration

Mechanisms, Modelling and Means of Control
1. Auflage 2008
ISBN: 978-0-08-091443-5
Verlag: Elsevier Science & Techn.
Format: EPUB
Kopierschutz: Adobe DRM (»Systemvoraussetzungen)

E-Book, Englisch, 536 Seiten

Railways are an environmentally friendly means of transport well suited to modern society. However, noise and vibration are key obstacles to further development of the railway networks for high-speed intercity traffic, for freight and for suburban metros and light-rail. All too often noise problems are dealt with inefficiently due to lack of understanding of the problem.
This book brings together coverage of the theory of railway noise and vibration with practical applications of noise control technology at source to solve noise and vibration problems from railways. Each source of noise and vibration is described in a systematic way: rolling noise, curve squeal, bridge noise, aerodynamic noise, ground vibration and ground-borne noise, and vehicle interior noise.
• Theoretical modelling approaches are introduced for each source in a tutorial fashion
• Practical applications of noise control technology are presented using the theoretical models
• Extensive examples of application to noise reduction techniques are included
Railway Noise and Vibration is a hard-working reference and will be invaluable to all who have to deal with noise and vibration from railways, whether working in the industry or in consultancy or academic research.
David Thompson is Professor of Railway Noise and Vibration at the Institute of Sound and Vibration Research, University of Southampton. He has worked in the field of railway noise since 1980, with British Rail Research in Derby, UK, and TNO Institute of Applied Physics in the Netherlands before moving to Southampton in 1996. He was responsible for developing the TWINS software for predicting rolling noise.
* Discusses fully the theoretical background and practical workings of railway noise
* Includes the latest research findings, brought together in one place
* Forms an extended case study in the application of noise control techniques

The author is Professor of Railway Noise and Vibration at the Institute of Sound and Vibration Research, University of Southampton. He has worked in the field of railway noise since 1980, with British Rail Research in Derby, UK, TNO Institute of Applied Physics in the Netherlands before moving to Southampton in 1996. He was responsible for developing the TWINS software for predicting rolling noise.

Autoren/Hrsg.

Thompson, David

Inhaltsverzeichnis

1;Front Cover;1
2;RAILWAY NOISE AND VIBRATION;4
3;Copyright Page;5
4;Contents;6
5;Preface;10
6;Acknowledgements;12
7;Copyright Acknowledgements;14
8;CHAPTER 1 Introduction;18
8.1;1.1 The need for noise and vibration control innbsprailways;18
8.2;1.2 The need for a systematic approach to noise control;20
8.3;1.3 Sources of railway noise and vibration;23
8.4;1.4 Structure of the book;26
8.5;References;27
9;CHAPTER 2 Introduction to Rolling Noise;28
9.1;2.1 The source of rolling noise;28
9.2;2.2 Speed and roughness dependence;30
9.3;2.3 Frequency content;34
9.4;2.4 Is it the wheel or is it the rail?;37
9.5;2.5 Overview of the generation mechanism;41
9.6;References;43
10;CHAPTER 3 Track Vibration;46
10.1;3.1 Introduction;46
10.2;3.2 SIMPLE BEAM MODELS;54
10.3;3.3 Beam on two-layer support;68
10.4;3.4 Timoshenko beam model;75
10.5;3.5 Discretely supported track models;82
10.6;3.6 Rail cross-section deformation;93
10.7;3.7 Sleeper vibration;99
10.8;3.8 Rail pad stiffness;108
10.9;References;111
11;CHAPTER 4 Wheel Vibration;114
11.1;4.1 Introduction;114
11.2;4.2 Wheel modes of vibration;114
11.3;4.3 Frequency response;121
11.4;4.4 Simple models for wheel mobility;127
11.5;4.5 Effects of wheel rotation;132
11.6;4.6 Experimental results;138
11.7;4.7 Noise from bogie and vehicle superstructure;140
11.8;References;143
12;CHAPTER 5 Wheel/Rail Interaction and Excitation by Roughness;144
12.1;5.1 Introduction;144
12.2;5.2 Wheel/rail interaction model;145
12.3;5.3 Contact zone mobilities;158
12.4;5.4 Contact filter effect;165
12.5;5.5 Measurement of roughness;169
12.6;5.6 Processing of roughness data;175
12.7;5.7 Other excitation mechanisms;181
12.8;References;188
13;CHAPTER 6 Sound Radiation from Wheels and Track;192
13.1;6.1 Introduction;192
13.2;6.2 Simple models for sound radiation;194
13.3;6.3 Wheel radiation;199
13.4;6.4 Rail radiation;206
13.5;6.5 Sleeper radiation;221
13.6;6.6 Sound pressure levels during train passage;225
13.7;6.7 Validation measurements;234
13.8;References;238
14;CHAPTER 7 Mitigation Measures for Rolling Noise;240
14.1;7.1 Introduction;240
14.2;7.2 Prototype track development;244
14.3;7.3 Wheel shape and damping;257
14.4;7.4 Track response and radiation;271
14.5;7.5 Shielding measures;283
14.6;7.6 Combinations of measures;287
14.7;References;292
15;CHAPTER 8 Aerodynamic Noiselowast;298
15.1;8.1 Introduction;298
15.2;8.2 BASIC PRINCIPLES;300
15.3;8.3 Experimental techniques;307
15.4;8.4 Numerical techniques;316
15.5;8.5 Reduction of aerodynamic noise;317
15.6;8.6 Concluding remarks;329
15.7;References;329
16;CHAPTER 9 Curve Squeal Noise;332
16.1;9.1 Introduction;332
16.2;9.2 Curving behaviour;333
16.3;9.3 Creep forces;336
16.4;9.4 Models for frictional excitation;339
16.5;9.5 Models for squeal;345
16.6;9.6 Mitigation measures for curve squeal noise;352
16.7;9.7 Case study: UK Sprinter fleet;355
16.8;References;357
17;CHAPTER 10 Impact Noise;360
17.1;10.1 Introduction;360
17.2;10.2 The effect of non-linearities on rolling noise;361
17.3;10.3 Impact noise due to wheel flats;367
17.4;10.4 Impact noise due to rail joints;371
17.5;10.5 Discussion;374
17.6;References;375
18;CHAPTER 11 Bridge Noise;376
18.1;11.1 Introduction;376
18.2;11.2 The excitation of bridge noise;380
18.3;11.3 Power input to the bridge;383
18.4;11.4 Vibration transmission and radiation of sound;395
18.5;11.5 Reducing bridge noise;403
18.6;11.6 Case studies;408
18.7;References;412
19;CHAPTER 12 Low Frequency Ground Vibrationlowast;416
19.1;12.1 Different types of railway-induced vibration;416
19.2;12.2 Assessment of vibration;417
19.3;12.3 Surface vibration propagation;423
19.4;12.4 Excitation of vibration by a train;433
19.5;12.5 Examples of calculated vibration from trains;438
19.6;12.6 Mitigation measures;446
19.7;References;450
20;CHAPTER 13 Ground-borne Noiselowast;454
20.1;13.1 Introduction;454
20.2;13.2 Assessment criteria;455
20.3;13.3 Vibration propagation from a tunnel;456
20.4;13.4 Models for ground-borne noise;459
20.5;13.5 Predicting ground-borne noise for environmental assessments;468
20.6;13.6 Mitigation measures: track designs for vibration isolation;474
20.7;References;481
21;CHAPTER 14 Vehicle Interior Noiselowast;482
21.1;14.1 Introduction;482
21.2;14.2 Characterizing interior noise;484
21.3;14.3 Sources of interior noise;487
21.4;14.4 Transmission paths;494
21.5;14.5 Prediction of interior noise;496
21.6;14.6 Model assessment and results;496
21.7;14.7 Concluding remarks;498
21.8;References;499
22;APPENDIX A Measurement of Train Pass-by Noise;502
23;APPENDIX B Short Glossary of Railway Terminology;506
24;List of Symbols;510
25;Index;518