Family Instructions for the Yan Clan was written by Yan Zhitui (531-ca. 591), an early medieval Chinese courtier, writer, and scholar, during a time when China was divided into northern and southern dynasties. Yan Zhitui had started his official career in the southern court, but after the fall of the Liang in mid-sixth century, he was captured and taken to the north, and served in a series of offices under several northern dynasties. Family Instructions for the Yan Clan was written over a long period from the 570s until 589 or later. In this work of twenty chapters, Yan Zhutui sets out a series of rules of conduct for his sons. The topics he discusses range from children's education to household management, remarriage, scholarship, literary writings, religious faith, maintenance of good health, mastery of arts such as calligraphy and painting, and various ethic codes. The work is characterized by Yan's quest for a way of life both honorable and safe in an age of chaos, brutality, and danger, and by his poignant attempt to establish a value system when everything with which he was familiar had crumbled around him. Written in the genre of "family instructions" (jiaxun), it is often considered the most comprehensive and influential work of its kind, and served as a model for many similar works in later times. It is also invaluable as a rich source of information it provides about the society and history of this period. Particularly of interest are the cultural comparisons made by Yan Zhitui between the social customs of the south and north, the latter ruled by non-Han rulers during the era of division.
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Xiaofei Tian
, Harvard University (USA).
Xiaofei Tian, Harvard University, Cambridge, MA, USA.