Tian Multi-Modality Neuroimaging Study on Neurobiological Mechanisms of Acupuncture

1. Auflage 2018
ISBN: 978-981-10-4914-9
Verlag: Springer Nature Singapore
Format: PDF
Kopierschutz: 1 - PDF Watermark

E-Book, Englisch, 146 Seiten

This book introduces essential advances in acupuncture studies using multi-modality neuroimaging, which provides insights into how specific brain networks are involved in acupuncture effects in humans. Stimulating different acupoints to treat various clinical conditions is usually accompanied by multi-dimensional physiological as well as psychological responses, which are regulated by the central nervous system. The book addresses disease-specific neural correlates and acupuncture-targeted regulatory encoding in the brain, and explains the temporal-spatial encoding in brain networks to clarify the acupuncture mechanisms. By highlighting the targeting mechanisms of typical indications of acupuncture, this book provides a scientific explanation for acupuncture therapy.

Editor Jie Tian is a Professor and Director of Key Laboratory of Molecular Imaging, Institute of Automation, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing.

Autoren/Hrsg.

Tian, Jie

Inhaltsverzeichnis

1;Contents;5
2;1: Early fMRI Studies of Acupuncture;6
2.1;1.1 Introduction;6
2.2;1.2 Principles of fMRI;7
2.2.1;1.2.1 MRI Contrast;7
2.2.1.1;1.2.1.1 Blood-Oxygen-Level-Dependent (BOLD) Contrast;8
2.2.1.2;1.2.1.2 Neural Basis of BOLD Signal and Neurovascular Coupling;9
2.3;1.3 Acupoint Specificity on fMRI;9
2.3.1;1.3.1 Acupoint Functional Specificity on fMRI;9
2.3.2;1.3.2 Acupoint Locational Specificity on fMRI;12
2.3.3;1.3.3 Comparative Studies of Brain Responses to Acupoint Stimulation on fMRI;15
2.4;1.4 fMRI Studies of Acupuncture Sensation;18
2.5;1.5 fMRI Studies of Acupuncture Manipulation;23
2.5.1;1.5.1 fMRI Studies of Different Acupuncture Stimulation Modalities;23
2.5.2;1.5.2 Influence of Acupuncture Parameters on Evoked Brain Responses;25
2.6;1.6 fMRI Studies of Acupuncture Analgesia;26
2.7;1.7 Methodological and Statistical Issues in Early fMRI Studies of Acupuncture;29
2.8;1.8 Summary;31
2.9;References;32
3;2: Temporospatial Encoding of Acupuncture Effects in the Brain;36
3.1;2.1 Introduction;36
3.2;2.2 Methods of Analysis for Human Acupuncture Neuroimaging Studies;37
3.2.1;2.2.1 General Linear Model (GLM) Analysis;37
3.2.2;2.2.2 Independent Component Analysis (ICA);38
3.2.3;2.2.3 Functional Connectivity Analysis;39
3.2.4;2.2.4 Time Series State Analysis Algorithm Based on the Change-Point Theory;40
3.3;2.3 Acupuncture Neuroimaging Studies in Humans;41
3.3.1;2.3.1 Sustained Effects of Acupuncture and Its Influence on fMRI;45
3.4;2.4 Brain Network Analysis Methods;49
3.4.1;2.4.1 Graph Theory in Brain Network Analysis;49
3.4.1.1;2.4.1.1 Common Network Parameters According to Graph Theory;49
3.4.1.2;2.4.1.2 The Topological Properties of Small-World Networks and Scale-Free Networks;51
3.4.2;2.4.2 The Application of Graph Theory in Neuroscience Studies;52
3.4.3;2.4.3 The Application of Graph Theory in Acupuncture Studies;54
3.4.4;2.4.4 Analytical Algorithms Based on Pattern Classification;54
3.5;2.5 The Temporospatial Encoding of Acupuncture Effects on Brain Networks;59
3.6;2.6 Summary;60
3.7;References;61
4;3: Targeting Mechanisms of Typical Indications of Acupuncture;66
4.1;3.1 Introduction;66
4.2;3.2 Mechanisms of Addiction;67
4.2.1;3.2.1 Alterations in Resting-State Functional Connectivity in Heroin Addiction;67
4.2.1.1;3.2.1.1 Alterations in Functional Network Characteristics According to Duration of Heroin Use;69
4.2.1.2;3.2.1.2 Spatial and Temporal Alterations in Resting-State Networks Related to Heroin Addiction;72
4.2.1.3;3.2.1.3 Gray Matter Loss and Resting-State Abnormalities in Abstinent Heroin-Dependent Individuals;73
4.2.2;3.2.2 Microstructural Abnormalities in Adolescents with Internet Addiction Disorder (IAD);76
4.3;3.3 Mechanisms of Migraine;78
4.3.1;3.3.1 Regional Homogeneity Abnormalities in Patients with Interictal Migraine;78
4.3.2;3.3.2 Gender-Related Differences in Resting-State Networks Dysfunction in Migraine;80
4.4;3.4 Mechanisms of Functional Dyspepsia (FD);83
4.4.1;3.4.1 White Matter Microstructural Changes in Functional Dyspepsia;83
4.4.2;3.4.2 Abnormal Resting-State Brain Activity in Patients with FD;85
4.4.3;3.4.3 Influence of Acupuncture Treatment on Cerebral Activity in FD Patients;87
4.5;3.5 Summary;89
4.6;References;89
5;4: Findings of Acupuncture Mechanisms Using EEG and MEG;95
5.1;4.1 Introduction;95
5.2;4.2 Principles of Electroencephalography (EEG);96
5.2.1;4.2.1 EEG Signal Generation;96
5.2.2;4.2.2 EEG Recording and Measurement;96
5.2.3;4.2.3 EEG Rhythms;98
5.2.4;4.2.4 EEG Applications;99
5.3;4.3 Applications of EEG in Acupuncture Research;99
5.3.1;4.3.1 EEG Studies of Acupuncture in Animals;100
5.3.2;4.3.2 EEG Studies of Acupuncture in Humans;102
5.4;4.4 Principles of MEG;106
5.4.1;4.4.1 Basic Principles of MEG;107
5.4.1.1;4.4.1.1 The Current Dipole Source Model;107
5.4.2;4.4.2 Measurement of MEG Signal;108
5.4.3;4.4.3 MEG Data Processing;109
5.4.3.1;4.4.3.1 The Inverse Problem;110
5.4.3.2;4.4.3.2 MEG Resolution Issues;110
5.4.4;4.4.4 Characterization of MEG Data in Different Frequency Bands;111
5.4.5;4.4.5 Methods for MEG Data Analysis;112
5.4.5.1;4.4.5.1 Partial Least Squares (PLS);112
5.4.5.2;4.4.5.2 Principal Component Analysis (PCA);113
5.4.5.3;4.4.5.3 Root Mean Square (RMS);114
5.4.5.4;4.4.5.4 Independent Component Analysis (ICA);114
5.4.5.5;4.4.5.5 Signal Space Separation (SSS);116
5.4.5.6;4.4.5.6 Multiple Linear Regressions;116
5.4.5.7;4.4.5.7 Analysis of Variance (ANOVA);117
5.5;4.5 Comparison Between the MEG and EEG Techniques;117
5.6;4.6 MEG Studies of Acupuncture in Humans;119
5.6.1;4.6.1 Effects of Acupuncture at Network Hubs in the Human Brain;119
5.6.2;4.6.2 Effects of Acupuncture on Network Functional Connectivity in the Human Brain;121
5.7;4.7 Summary;124
5.8;References;125
6;5: Prospects of Acupuncture Research in the Future;129
6.1;5.1 Introduction;129
6.2;5.2 Dynamic Functional Network Connectivity Research;130
6.2.1;5.2.1 Limitations of Resting-State Functional Connectivity Analysis;130
6.2.2;5.2.2 Necessity of Dynamic Research;130
6.2.3;5.2.3 Dynamic Research Application;131
6.2.3.1;5.2.3.1 A Dynamic Variety Analysis of Whole-Brain Functional Connectivity;131
6.2.3.2;5.2.3.2 A Dynamic Variety Analysis of Specific Brain Region Functional Connectivity;135
6.3;5.3 A Framework for Future fMRI Studies of Acupuncture;140
6.3.1;5.3.1 Study Populations;140
6.3.2;5.3.2 Analytical Methodology;140
6.3.3;5.3.3 Research Instruments;140
6.4;5.4 Summary;141
6.5;References;141
7;Index;143