Walusinski The Mystery of Yawning in Physiology and Disease

1. Auflage 2010
ISBN: 978-3-8055-9405-9
Verlag: S. Karger
Format: EPUB
Kopierschutz: Adobe DRM (»Systemvoraussetzungen)

E-Book, Englisch, Band 28, 174 Seiten, Web PDF

Reihe: Frontiers of Neurology and Neuroscience

Yawning is a stereotyped phylogenetically ancient phenomenon that occurs in almost all vertebrates. As an emotional behavior and an expressive movement, yawning has many consequences; nevertheless, it has so far been poorly addressed in medical research and practice. Bringing together the latest research from many fields, this volume integrates current insights within embryology, ethology, neurophysiology, psychology, fMRI and pathology. The phylogenetic and ontogenetic aspects of yawning offer an interesting perspective on human development, and its occurrence in neurological diseases - an area explored by only a few investigators - may provide useful clinical information. This book will make valuable and fascinating reading to neurologists, sleep specialists, psychologists, ethologists and pharmacologists, as well as to anybody interested in uncovering the mystery of yawning.

Autoren/Hrsg.

Walusinski, O.

Weitere Mitwirkende

Bogousslavsky, Julien

Fachgebiete

• Medizin | Veterinärmedizin Medizin | Public Health | Pharmazie | Zahnmedizin Medizinische Fachgebiete Pharmakologie, Toxikologie
• Sozialwissenschaften Psychologie Allgemeine Psychologie Biologische Psychologie, Neuropsychologie
• Sozialwissenschaften Psychologie Allgemeine Psychologie Bewusstseinszustände Schlaf- und Traumbewusstsein
• Naturwissenschaften Biowissenschaften Tierkunde / Zoologie Wirbeltiere (Vertebrata) Säugetiere (Mammalia) Primaten
• Sozialwissenschaften Psychologie Psychotherapie / Klinische Psychologie
• Medizin | Veterinärmedizin Medizin | Public Health | Pharmazie | Zahnmedizin Klinische und Innere Medizin Neurologie, Klinische Neurowissenschaft

Inhaltsverzeichnis

1;Cover;1
2;Contents;6
3;List of Contributors;8
4;Preface;10
5;Foreword;11
6;Historical Perspectives;16
6.1;Abstract;16
6.2;Antiquity and the Middle Ages;17
6.3;17th Century and the Birth of Research;19
6.4;Calling Hippocratic Theories into Question;20
6.5;18th Century: Yawning ‘Improves Brain Oxygenation’;21
6.6;19th Century: Yawning and Hysteria;25
6.7;End of the 19th Century: Is Yawning a Reflex?;29
6.8;20th Century;31
6.9;References;34
7;Popular Knowledge and Beliefs;37
7.1;Abstract;37
7.2;Arab Countries;37
7.3;India;38
7.4;Europe;39
7.5;Yawing in Medicine;39
7.6;References;40
8;Yawning throughout Life;41
8.1;Abstract;41
8.2;Features and Frequency of Yawning;42
8.3;Time Course of Yawning;43
8.4;Yawning and Arousal Processes;44
8.5;Contagious Yawning;44
8.6;References;45
9;Fetal Yawning;47
9.1;Abstract;47
9.2;What Is a Yawn?;48
9.3;Embryology and Mechanisms;49
9.4;Why Does Yawning Share a Link with Arousal?;50
9.5;Yawning or Not: A Pathology?;52
9.6;Diseases without Any Data Collected;52
9.7;Conclusion;54
9.8;References;54
10;Sleep, Sleepiness and Yawning;57
10.1;Abstract;57
10.2;References;60
11;Interplay between Yawning and Vigilance: A Review of the Experimental Evidence;62
11.1;Abstract;62
11.2;Measuring Vigilance;63
11.3;Experimental Yawn Induction;64
11.4;Yawning Occurs Preferentially during Drowsiness;64
11.5;Yawning Does Not Produce Arousal;64
11.6;Discussion;66
11.7;Acknowledgments;67
11.8;References;67
12;The Hidden Sexuality of the Yawn and the Future of Chasmology;70
12.1;Abstract;70
12.2;Historical Trends and Currents;71
12.3;Chasmology as an Emergent Science;73
12.4;Predictions;75
12.5;Conclusions;76
12.6;References;76
13;Non-Human Primates: A Comparative Developmental Perspective on Yawning;78
13.1;Abstract;78
13.2;Yawning as Communication;78
13.3;Voluntary Control of Yawning by Adult Male Macaques;80
13.4;Voluntary Yawning: Some Implications and Questions;82
13.5;Contagious Yawning;83
13.6;Contagious Yawning: Recent Developments and Controversies;86
13.7;Concluding Comments;89
13.8;References;90
14;Punishment-Induced Fear Modifies the Daily Course of Yawning in Rats;92
14.1;Abstract;92
14.2;Material and Methods;93
14.3;Results;94
14.4;Discussion;96
14.5;Acknowledgments;97
14.6;References;97
15;A Thermoregulatory Behavior;99
15.1;Abstract;99
15.2;‘Brain Cooling Hypothesis’;100
15.3;Empirical Support for the ‘Brain Cooling Hypothesis’;101
15.4;Further Predictions and Support of the Brain Cooling Model;102
15.5;Conclusions;103
15.6;References;104
16;Neurophamacology of Yawning;105
16.1;Abstract;105
16.2;Major Neurotransmitters Involved in the Induction of Yawning;107
16.3;Major Neurotransmitters Involved in the Modulation of Yawning;115
16.4;Conclusions;116
16.5;References;117
17;Yawn, Yawn, Yawn, Yawn; Yawn, Yawn, Yawn! The Social, Evolutionary and Neuroscientific Facets of Contagious Yawning;122
17.1;Abstract;122
17.2;Relationship between Self-Awareness and Other Awareness;122
17.3;Contagious Yawning in the Self-Other Relationship;125
17.4;Evidence from Neuroimaging;125
17.5;Conclusions;125
17.6;References;126
18;Developmental and Comparative Perspectives of Contagious Yawning;128
18.1;Abstract;128
18.2;Typical and Atypical Development of Contagious Yawning;129
18.3;Contagious Yawning in Non-Human Animals;131
18.4;Conclusions and Future Directions;132
18.5;Acknowledgments;133
18.6;References;133
19;Methodological Problems in the Study of Contagious Yawning;135
19.1;Abstract;135
19.2;Problems in Experimental Design;136
19.3;Problems in Analysis;139
19.4;Conclusions;141
19.5;References;141
20;Exploring Yawning with Neuroimaging;143
20.1;Abstract;143
20.2;Physiology of Yawning;143
20.3;Neuroimaging of Yawning;144
20.4;Summary;147
20.5;References;148
21;Associated Movements in Hemiplegic Limbsduring Yawning;149
21.1;Abstract;149
21.2;Material and Methods;150
21.3;Results;150
21.4;Discussion;152
21.5;Acknowledgments;153
21.6;References;153
22;Associated Diseases;155
22.1;Abstract;155
22.2;Anhedonia;156
22.3;Disappearance of Yawning;156
22.4;Excessive Yawning;156
22.5;Yawning Triggers a Disorder;163
22.6;Yawning Relieves a Disorder;164
22.7;Concluding Remarks;165
22.8;References;165
23;Author Index;171
24;Subject Index;172