Liposomes

Methods and Protocols, Volume 2: Biological Membrane Models
2010
ISBN: 978-1-61779-687-6
Verlag: Humana Press

Buch, Englisch, Band 606, 548 Seiten, Previously published in hardcover, Format (B × H): 178 mm x 254 mm, Gewicht: 1047 g

Reihe: Methods in Molecular Biology

Efforts to describe and model the molecular structure of biological membranes go back to the beginning of the last century. In 1917, Langmuir described membranes as a layer of lipids one molecule thick [1]. Eight years later, Gorter and Grendel concluded from their studies that “the phospholipid molecules that formed the cell membrane were arranged in two layers to form a lipid bilayer” [2]. Danielli and Robertson proposed, in 1935, a model in which the bilayer of lipids is sequestered between two monolayers of unfolded proteins [3], and the currently still accepted fuid mosaic model was proposed by Singer and Nicolson in 1972 [4]. Among those landmarks of biomembrane history, a serendipitous observation made by Alex Bangham during the early 1960s deserves undoubtedly a special place. His fnding that exposure of dry phospholipids to an excess of water gives rise to lamellar structures [5] has opened versatile experimental access to studying the biophysics and biochemistry of biological phospholipid membranes. Although during the following 4 decades biological membrane models have grown in complexity and functionality [6], liposomes are, besides supported bilayers, membrane nanodiscs, and hybrid membranes, still an indisputably important tool for membrane b- physicists and biochemists. In vol. II of this book, the reader will fnd detailed methods for the use of liposomes in studying a variety of biochemical and biophysical membrane phenomena concomitant with chapters describing a great palette of state-of-the-art analytical technologies.

Zielgruppe

Professional/practitioner

Autoren/Hrsg.

Weissig, Volkmar

Fachgebiete

• Naturwissenschaften Biowissenschaften Lipidologie
• Naturwissenschaften Biowissenschaften Zellbiologie
• Naturwissenschaften Biowissenschaften Biochemie (nichtmedizinisch)

Inhaltsverzeichnis

Utilization of Liposomes for Studying Drug Transfer and Uptake.- The Use of Liposomes in the Study of Drug Metabolism: A Method to Incorporate the Enzymes of the Cytochrome P450 Monooxygenase System into Phospholipid, Bilayer Vesicles.- Use of Liposomes to Study Cellular Osmosensors.- Studying Mechanosensitive Ion Channels Using Liposomes.- Studying Amino Acid Transport Using Liposomes.- Use of Liposomes for Studying Interactions of Soluble Proteins with Cellular Membranes.- Liposomal Reconstitution of Monotopic Integral Membrane Proteins.- The Reconstitution of Actin Polymerization on Liposomes.- Electroformation of Giant Unilamellar Vesicles from Native Membranes and Organic Lipid Mixtures for the Study of Lipid Domains under Physiological Ionic-Strength Conditions.- Visualization of Lipid Domain-Specific Protein Sorting in Giant Unilamellar Vesicles.- Biosynthesis of Proteins Inside Liposomes.- Study of Respiratory Cytochromes in Liposomes.- Use of Liposomes to Evaluate the Role of Membrane Interactions on Antioxidant Activity.- Studying Colloidal Aggregation Using Liposomes.- Assessment of Liposome–Cell Interactions.- Methods to Monitor Liposome Fusion, Permeability, and Interaction with Cells.- The Use of Isothermal Titration Calorimetry to Study Multidrug Transport Proteins in Liposomes.- Studying Lipid Organization in Biological Membranes Using Liposomes and EPR Spin Labeling.- Membrane Translocation Assayed by Fluorescence Spectroscopy.- Interaction of Lipids and Ligands with Nicotinic Acetylcholine Receptor Vesicles Assessed by Electron Paramagnetic Resonance Spectroscopy.- Environmental Scanning Electron Microscope Imaging of Vesicle Systems.- Freeze-Fracture Electron Microscopy on Domains in Lipid Mono- and Bilayer on Nano-Resolution Scale.- Atomic ForceMicroscopy for the Characterization of Proteoliposomes.- Method of Simultaneous Analysis of Liposome Components Using HPTLC/FID.- Viscometric Analysis of DNA-Lipid Complexes.- Fluorometric Analysis of Individual Cationic Lipid-DNA Complexes.- Fluorescence Resonance Energy Transfer-Based Analysis of Lipoplexes.- Analysis of Lipoplex Structure and Lipid Phase Changes.- Fluorescence Methods for Evaluating Lipoplex-Mediated Gene Delivery.- FRET Imaging of Cells Transfected with siRNA/Liposome Complexes.- Spectral Bio-Imaging and Confocal Imaging of the Intracellular Distribution of Lipoplexes.- Techniques for Loading Technetium-99m and Rhenium-186/188 Radionuclides into Pre-formed Liposomes for Diagnostic Imaging and Radionuclide Therapy.- Fluorescence Correlation Spectroscopy for the Study of Membrane Dynamics and Organization in Giant Unilamellar Vesicles.- Liposome Biodistribution via Europium Complexes.- Biosensor-Based Evaluation of Liposomal Binding Behavior.- Use of Liposomes to Study Vesicular Transport.