State Immunity and Cultural Objects on Loan

1. Auflage 2012
ISBN: 978-90-04-21704-1
Verlag: Brill

Buch, Englisch, 494 Seiten, Format (B × H): 1550 mm x 2350 mm, Gewicht: 885 g

Cultural objects have been on the move for a long time. Yet there has been no comprehensive survey to date of the current state of affairs with regard to immunity from seizure of foreign cultural objects belonging to foreign States that are on loan for temporary exhibition. This study fills that gap by examining whether there is any rule of (customary) international law stipulating that such cultural objects are immune from seizure, or whether such a rule is emerging. It also examines relevant State practice and the reasons behind it. This volume thus provides greater clarity and legal certainty in the field of lending cultural State property and should be of use both to States and to cultural institutions.

Zielgruppe

Legal Counsels; officers at Ministries of Foreign Affairs and Culture; museums; museum Directors and Registrars; all those involved in international lending of cultural property or in aspects of State immunity.

Autoren/Hrsg.

Woudenberg, Nout van

Fachgebiete

• Rechtswissenschaften Öffentliches Recht Kommunal- und Baurecht Denkmalschutz- und Kulturgüterschutzrecht
• Rechtswissenschaften Wirtschaftsrecht Urheberrecht Kunst-, Musik-, Verlags- und Theaterrecht
• Geisteswissenschaften Kunst Kunst, allgemein Kunstsammlung, Museen, Ausstellungen
• Rechtswissenschaften Internationales Recht und Europarecht Internationales Recht Internationales Öffentliches Recht, Völkerrecht, Internationale Organisationen

Inhaltsverzeichnis

Foreword;
Chapter 1 Introduction; 1.1 Preface; 1.2 What is immunity from seizure?; 1.3 Why would immunity from seizure be necessary?; 1.4 Approaches to granting immunity from seizure; 1.5 What are cultural objects?;1.6 Cultural objects as good will ambassadors?; 1.7 What is a State?; 1.8 International agreements related to international cultural cooperation and immunity from seizure; 1.9 Method and structure of this study;
Chapter 2 The notion of customary international law; 2.1 Custom as a source of international law; 2.2 State practice and opinio juris; 2.3 Duration of the practice; 2.4 Uniformity of the practice; 2.5 Practice accepted as law: opinio juris; 2.6 Dissenting States; 2.7 In conclusion;
Chapter 3 State immunity and cultural objects; 3.1 Immunity from jurisdiction; from absolute to restrictive immunity; 3.2 Immunity from measures of constraint; 3.3 2004 UN Convention on Jurisdictional Immunities of States and Their Property; 3.3.1 General introduction; 3.3.2 Commercial transactions and international art loans; 3.3.3 State enterprises; 3.3.4 Immunity from measures of constraint; 3.4 European Convention on State Immunity; 3.5 Inter-American Draft Convention on Jurisdictional Immunity of States; 3.6 Asian-African Legal Consultative Committee; 3.7 Draft Convention on State Immunity by the International Law Association; 3.8 Institute of International Law; 3.9 In conclusion;
Chapter 4 Situation in the United States of America; 4.1 State immunity: situation in the United States of America; 4.1.1 General approach of the United States in respect of State immunity; 4.1.2 State immunity under the FSIA; 4.1.3 Retroactive application: Republic of Austria v. Altmann; 4.1.4 The ‘commercial exception’: Westfi eld v. Federal Republic of Germany; 4.1.5 The ‘takings exception’: Cassirer v. Kingdom of Spain; 4.1.6 Once more the ‘takings exception’: Agudas Chasidei Chabad of United States v. Russian Federation et al.; 4.1.7 One more time the ‘takings exception’: Orkin v. Switzerland; 4.1.8 The ‘commercial exception’ and the ‘takings exception’ combined: the Herzog case; 4.2 Immunity from measures of constraint for State property; 4.2.1 Sections 1609-1611 of the FSIA; 4.2.2 Seizure attempts in practice: Rubin v. the Islamic Republic of Iran; 4.3 Special legislation involving immunity from seizure for cultural objects; 4.3.1 Federal immunity from seizure legislation; 4.3.2 Immunity from seizure legislation in the State of New York; 4.4 Case law with regard to immunity from seizure legislation; 4.4.1 Romanov v. The Florida International Museum Inc.; 4.4.2 Magness v. Russian Federation; 4.4.3 Delocque-Fourcaud v. Los Angeles County Museum of Art; 4.4.4 Deutsch v. Metropolitan Museum of Art; 4.4.5 Malewicz v. City of Amsterdam; 4.4.6 Berckheyde painting The Golden Bend in the Herengracht in Amsterdam; 4.4.7 Portrait of Wally case; 4.5 In conclusion;
Chapter 5 Situation in Canada and Central and South America; 5.1 Situation in Canada; 5.1.1 State immunity; 5.1.2 Immunity from seizure of cultural objects; 5.1.3 Exhibition of the Dead Sea Scrolls; 5.2 Situation in Central and South America; 5.3 In conclusion;
Chapter 6 Situation in the European Union; 6.1 The genesis of mobility of collections; 6.2 The OMC Expert Working Group and the subgroup ‘Immunity from Seizure’; 6.3 Conclusions of the subgroup ‘Immunity from Seizure’; 6.4 Future work; 6.5 In conclusion;
Chapter 7 Situation in the United Kingdom of Great Britain and Northern Ireland; 7.1 State immunity in the United Kingdom; 7.2 The way towards immunity from seizure legislation; 7.3 The Tribunals, Courts and Enforcement Act 2007; 7.4 In conclusion;
Chapter 8 Situation in the Netherlands; 8.1 State immunity in the Netherlands; 8.1.1 Act on General Provisions of Kingdom Legislation; 8.1.2 Code of Civil Procedure; 8.1.3 Regulations concerning the Bailiff and Court B

Über Autor(innen)

Woudenberg, Nout van
Nout van Woudenberg expert on the international protection of cultural property, is external researcher at the University of Amsterdam and Legal Counsel at the International Law Division of the Ministry of Foreign Affairs of the Kingdom of the Netherlands.