Yinon Counterterrorist Detection Techniques of Explosives

1. Auflage 2011
ISBN: 978-0-08-054520-2
Verlag: Elsevier Science & Techn.
Format: EPUB
Kopierschutz: 6 - ePub Watermark

E-Book, Englisch, 454 Seiten

The detection of hidden explosives has become an issue of utmost importance in recent years. While terrorism is not new to the international community, recent terrorist attacks have raised the issue of detection of explosives and have generated a great demand for rapid, sensitive and reliable methods for detecting hidden explosives. Counterterrorist Detection Techniques of Explosives covers recent advances in this area of research including vapor and trace detection techniques (chemiluminescence, mass spectrometry, ion mobility spectrometry, electrochemical methods and micromechanical sensors, such as microcantilevers) and bulk detection techniques (neutron techniques, nuclear quadrupole resonance, x-ray diffraction imaging, millimeter-wave imaging, terahertz imaging and laser techniques). This book will be of interest to any scientists involved in the design and application of security screening technologies including new sensors and detecting devices which will prevent the smuggling of bombs and explosives.
* Covers latest advances in vapor and trace detection techniques and bulk detection techniques
* Reviews both current techniques and those in advanced stages of development
* Techniques that are described in detail, including its principles of operation, as well as its applications in the detection of explosives

Autoren/Hrsg.

Yinon, Jehuda

Inhaltsverzeichnis

1;Front Cover;1
2;Counterterrorist Detection Techniques of Explosives;4
3;Copyright Page;5
4;Table of Contents;8
5;Introduction;10
6;About the Editor;12
7;Contributors;14
8;Chapter 1 Detection of Explosives by Chemiluminescence;16
8.1;1. Introduction;18
8.2;2. Chemiluminescence systems in explosive analysis;23
8.3;3. Using chemiluminescence as detection technology in security;51
8.4;References;52
9;Chapter 2 Detection of Explosives by Mass Spectrometry;56
9.1;1. Introduction;58
9.2;2. Mass spectrometry – principles of operation;58
9.3;3. Detection of explosives by mass spectrometry methods;63
9.4;4. Miniature and mobile mass spectrometers;69
9.5;5. Conclusions;73
9.6;References;73
10;Chapter 3 Explosives Detection Using Differential Mobility Spectrometry;76
10.1;1. Introduction;78
10.2;2. Background and principles of DMS;82
10.3;3. Technology of DMS;88
10.4;4. Studies of explosives by field asymmetric IMS;91
10.5;5. Explosives determination with a micro-fabricated differential mobility spectrometer;93
10.6;6. Fast GC with DMS;95
10.7;7. The EGIS Defender: a commercial high-speed GC–DMS analyzer;100
10.8;8. Next developments in DMS and IMS determinations of explosives;100
10.9;9. Conclusions;103
10.10;Acknowledgments;103
10.11;References;103
11;Chapter 4 Electrochemical Sensing of Explosives;106
11.1;1. Introduction;108
11.2;2. Electrochemistry of explosive materials;109
11.3;3. Easy-to-use disposable electrode strips for explosives;110
11.4;4. Real-time electrochemical monitoring;111
11.5;5. Lab-on-a-chip electrochemical detection of explosives;117
11.6;6. Conclusions;121
11.7;Acknowledgments;121
11.8;References;121
12;Chapter 5 Explosive Vapor Detection Using Microcantilever Sensors;124
12.1;1. Introduction;126
12.2;2. Theory;127
12.3;3. Apparatus;129
12.4;4. PARC for analyte identification;133
12.5;5. Results and discussion;136
12.6;6. Conclusions;143
12.7;Acknowledgments;144
12.8;References;144
13;Chapter 6 Neutron Techniques for Detection of Explosives;146
13.1;1. Introduction;148
13.2;2. Neutron techniques;150
13.3;3. Practical issues;156
13.4;4. Summary;166
13.5;References;168
14;Chapter 7 Nuclear Quadrupole Resonance Detection of Explosives;172
14.1;1. Introduction;174
14.2;2. Basic NQR Physics;174
14.3;3. NQR detection hardware;182
14.4;4. Signal excitation methods;192
14.5;5. NQR explosives detection;200
14.6;6. Outlook;208
14.7;References;208
15;Chapter 8 X-ray Diffraction Imaging for Explosives Detection;214
15.1;1. Introduction and history of X-ray diffraction imaging;216
15.2;2. Physical principles of XDI;221
15.3;3. XRD characterization of explosives;235
15.4;4. Tomographic imaging techniques;236
15.5;5. Next-generation XDI;242
15.6;6. Future outlook;247
15.7;Acknowledgments;248
15.8;References;248
16;Chapter 9 Detection of Explosives by Millimeter-wave Imaging;252
16.1;1. Introduction;254
16.2;2. Background;255
16.3;3. Millimeter-wave imaging system architectures and components;260
16.4;4. Imaging system design considerations;264
16.5;5. Millimeter-wave imaging systems and results;269
16.6;6. Conclusion;287
16.7;Acknowledgments;288
16.8;References;289
17;Chapter 10 Laser-based Detection Methods of Explosives;294
17.1;1. Introduction;296
17.2;2. Detection of explosives using laser-based vibrational spectroscopy;296
17.3;3. Laser-induced breakdown spectroscopy (LIBS);307
17.4;4. Other laser-based methods for explosive detection;314
17.5;References;331
18;Chapter 11 Detection of Explosives by Terahertz Imaging;338
18.1;1. Introduction;340
18.2;2. Terahertz radiation;341
18.3;3. Terahertz imaging techniques;350
18.4;4. Interferometric imaging with terahertz;357
18.5;5. Experimental terahertz imaging;362
18.6;6. Interferometric image analysis;371
18.7;7. Conclusions and challenges;376
18.8;Acknowledgments;377
18.9;References;377
19;Chapter 12 Explosives Detection Personnel Portals;382
19.1;1. Introduction;384
19.2;2. Trace and anomaly portal technologies: overview;385
19.3;3. Trace detection portal: background;386
19.4;4. Anomaly detection portals;398
19.5;5. Future development of personnel portals;405
19.6;References;405
20;Chapter 13 Biological Detection of Explosives;410
20.1;1. Introduction;412
20.2;2. Canine detection;412
20.3;3. Instrumental options;417
20.4;4. Choosing between canine and instrumental detection;419
20.5;5. Alternative biological detectors;422
20.6;6. The canines take on explosives;423
20.7;7. Conducting the certification;439
20.8;8. Conclusions;444
20.9;References;445
21;Index;448