Zimdahl Fundamentals of Weed Science

3. Auflage 2007
ISBN: 978-0-08-054985-9
Verlag: Elsevier Science & Techn.
Format: PDF
Kopierschutz: 1 - PDF Watermark

E-Book, Englisch, 688 Seiten, Web PDF

This book addresses herbicides and their use as an important aspect of modern weed management, and strives to place them in an ecological framework. Many weed scientists believe agriculture is a continuing struggle with weeds - without good weed control, good and profitable agriculture is impossible. Each agricultural discipline sees itself as central to agriculture's success and continued progress, and weed science is no exception. While not denying the importance of weed management to successful agriculture, this book places it in a larger ecological context. The roles of culture, economics, and politics in weed management are also discussed, enabling scientists and students to understand the larger effects on society.NEW TO THIS EDITION: - Information on New herbicides included, along with the old herbicides that are important for understanding the history - New section on weed resistance to herbicides and genetic engineering - New information on invasive plants - Expanded chapters on Biological Control, Pesticide Legislation and Regulation, Weed Management Systems, and more

Robert L. Zimdahl is a Professor of Weed Science at Colorado State University. He received his Ph.D. in Agronomy from Oregon State University. Among his many honors and awards, Dr. Zimdahl was elected a Fellow of the Weed Science Society of America in 1986 and currently serves as editor of that society's journal, Weed Science. He has been a member of several international task forces and has authored a number of books and articles on the subject of weed science. He is the author of Fundamentals of Weed Science, and Six Chemicals that Changed Agriculture both from Elsevier.

Autoren/Hrsg.

Zimdahl, Robert L

Inhaltsverzeichnis

1;Cover;1
2;Copyright page;3
3;Contents;4
4;PREFACE;16
5;CHAPTER 1: Introduction;24
5.1;LITERATURE CITED;35
6;CHAPTER 2: Weeds„The Beginning;38
6.1;I. DEFINITION OF THE WORD WEED;39
6.2;II. CHARACTERISTICS OF WEEDS;43
6.3;III. HARMFUL ASPECTS OF WEEDS;46
6.4;IV. COST OF WEEDS;56
6.5;THINGS TO THINK ABOUT;61
6.6;LITERATURE CITED;62
7;CHAPTER 3: Weed Classification;66
7.1;I. PHYLOGENETIC RELATIONSHIPS;68
7.2;II. A NOTE ABOUT NAMES;69
7.3;III. CLASSIFICATION METHODS;71
7.4;THINGS TO THINK ABOUT;80
7.5;LITERATURE CITED;80
8;CHAPTER 4: Ethnobotany;82
8.1;I. FOOD FOR HUMANS;83
8.2;II. FEED FOR ANIMALS;87
8.3;III. MEDICAL USES;89
8.4;IV. AGRICULTURAL USES;91
8.5;V. ORNAMENTAL USES;92
8.6;VI. INSECT OR DISEASE TRAPS;93
8.7;VII. POLLUTION CONTROL;95
8.8;VIII. OTHER USES;97
8.9;THINGS TO THINK ABOUT;99
8.10;LITERATURE CITED;99
9;CHAPTER 5: Weed Reproduction and Dispersal;102
9.1;I. SEED PRODUCTION;103
9.2;II. SEED DISPERSAL;111
9.3;III. SEED GERMINATION„DORMANCY;124
9.4;IV. VEGETATIVE OR ASEXUAL REPRODUCTION;137
9.5;THINGS TO THINK ABOUT;141
9.6;LITERATURE CITED;141
10;CHAPTER 6: Weed Ecology;146
10.1;I. HUMAN INFLUENCES ON WEED ECOLOGY;148
10.2;II. THE WEED-CROP ECOSYSTEM;151
10.3;III. ENVIRONMENTAL INTERACTIONS;153
10.4;IV. FUNDAMENTAL ECOLOGICAL CONCEPTS;159
10.5;V. PLANT COMPETITION;169
10.6;VI. PLANT CHARACTERISTICS AND COMPETITIVENESS;187
10.7;VII. THE RELATIONSHIP BETWEEN WEED DENSITY AND CROP YIELD;188
10.8;VIII. MAGNITUDE OF COMPETITIVE LOSS;192
10.9;IX. DURATION OF COMPETITION;195
10.10;X. ECONOMIC ANALYSES;199
10.11;XI. MATHEMATICAL MODELS OF COMPETITION;201
10.12;THINGS TO THINK ABOUT;203
10.13;LITERATURE CITED;203
11;CHAPTER 7: Invasive Plants;210
11.1;I. THE DEFINITION OF INVASIVE SPECIES;210
11.2;II. THE IDENTITY OF INVASIVE PLANT SPECIES;213
11.3;III. WHY DO INVASIONS OCCUR?;220
11.4;IV. THE CONSEQUENCES OF PLANT INVASIONS;226
11.5;V. MANAGEMENT OF INVASIVE PLANT SPECIES;237
11.6;THINGS TO THINK ABOUT;244
11.7;LITERATURE CITED;244
12;CHAPTER 8: Allelopathy;250
12.1;I. ALLELOPATHIC CHEMISTRY;256
12.2;II. PRODUCTION OF ALLELOCHEMICALS;258
12.3;III. ALLELOPATHY AND WEED-CROP ECOLOGY;260
12.4;THINGS TO THINK ABOUT;266
12.5;LITERATURE CITED;266
13;CHAPTER 9: The Significance of Plant Competition;270
13.1;I. GENERAL CONSIDERATIONS;270
13.2;II. CHARACTERISTICS OF WEEDS;278
13.3;THINGS TO THINK ABOUT;280
13.4;LITERATURE CITED;280
14;CHAPTER 10: Methods of Weed Management and Control;282
14.1;I. THE DEFINITIONS OF WEED PREVENTION, CONTROL, ERADICATION, AND MANAGEMENT;283
14.2;II. WEED PREVENTION;285
14.3;III. MECHANICAL CONTROL;292
14.4;IV. NONMECHANICAL METHODS;311
14.5;V. CULTURAL WEED CONTROL;318
14.6;VI. HERBICIDE-RESISTANT CROPS;334
14.7;THINGS TO THINK ABOUT;340
14.8;LITERATURE CITED;340
15;CHAPTER 11: Biological Weed Control;350
15.1;I. GENERAL;350
15.2;II. METHODS OF APPLICATION;358
15.3;III. BIOLOGICAL CONTROL AGENTS;361
15.4;IV. INTEGRATION OF TECHNIQUES;373
15.5;THINGS TO THINK ABOUT;374
15.6;LITERATURE CITED;375
16;CHAPTER 12: Introduction to Chemical Weed Control;380
16.1;I. HISTORY OF CHEMICAL WEED CONTROL;381
16.2;II. ADVANTAGES OF HERBICIDES;390
16.3;III. DISADVANTAGES OF HERBICIDES;397
16.4;IV. CLASSIFICATION OF HERBICIDES;406
16.5;THINGS TO THINK ABOUT;414
16.6;LITERATURE CITED;414
17;CHAPTER 13: Properties and Uses of Herbicides;418
17.1;I. INTRODUCTION;418
17.2;II. LIGHT-DEPENDENT HERBICIDES;421
17.3;III. FATTY ACID BIOSYNTHESIS INHIBITORS;430
17.4;IV. CELL GROWTH INHIBITION;437
17.5;V. AUXIN-LIKE ACTION„GROWTH REGULATORS;440
17.6;VI. AMINO ACID BIOSYNTHESIS INHIBITORS;447
17.7;VII. INHIBITORS OF RESPIRATION;451
17.8;VIII. UNKNOWN MECHANISM OF ACTION;453
17.9;IX. SUMMARY;455
17.10;THINGS TO THINK ABOUT;457
17.11;LITERATURE CITED;457
18;CHAPTER 14: Herbicides and Plants;460
18.1;I. FACTORS AFFECTING HERBICIDE PERFORMANCE;461
18.2;II. GENERAL;461
18.3;III. FOLIAR ACTIVE HERBICIDES;468
18.4;IV. PHYSIOLOGY OF HERBICIDES IN PLANTS;474
18.5;THINGS TO THINK ABOUT;489
18.6;LITERATURE CITED;490
19;CHAPTER 15: Herbicides and Soil;492
19.1;I. SOIL;493
19.2;II. FACTORS AFFECTING SOIL-APPLIED HERBICIDES;496
19.3;III. SOIL PERSISTENCE OF HERBICIDES;505
19.4;THINGS TO THINK ABOUT;509
19.5;LITERATURE CITED;509
20;CHAPTER 16: Herbicide Formulation;512
20.1;I. INTRODUCTION;512
20.2;II. TYPES OF HERBICIDE FORMULATIONS;515
20.3;III. SURFACTANTS AND ADJUVANTS;521
20.4;THINGS TO THINK ABOUT;521
20.5;LITERATURE CITED;521
21;CHAPTER 17: Herbicides and the Environment;524
21.1;I. HERBICIDE PERFORMANCE;525
21.2;II. ECOLOGICAL CHANGES;527
21.3;III. ENVIRONMENTAL CONTAMINATION;534
21.4;IV. ENERGY RELATIONSHIPS;543
21.5;V. HERBICIDE SAFETY;547
21.6;THINGS TO THINK ABOUT;555
21.7;LITERATURE CITED;556
21.8;SUPPLEMENTARY LITERATURE;557
22;CHAPTER 18: Pesticide Legislation and Registration;560
22.1;I. THE PRINCIPLES OF PESTICIDE REGISTRATION;560
22.2;II. FEDERAL LAWS;562
22.3;III. FEDERAL INSECTICIDE, FUNGICIDE, AND RODENTICIDE ACT;563
22.4;IV. THE ENVIRONMENTAL PROTECTION AGENCY (EPA);566
22.5;V. FEDERAL ENVIRONMENTAL PESTICIDE CONTROL ACT;567
22.6;VI. PROCEDURAL SUMMARY;568
22.7;VII. TOLERANCE CLASSES;570
22.8;VIII. THE PROCEDURES FOR PESTICIDE REGISTRATION;571
22.9;THINGS TO THINK ABOUT;575
22.10;LITERATURE CITED;575
23;CHAPTER 19: Weed Management Systems;576
23.1;I. INTRODUCTION;576
23.2;II. A METAPHOR FOR WEED MANAGEMENT;579
23.3;III. THE LOGICAL STEPS OF WEED MANAGEMENT;580
23.4;IV. WEED MANAGEMENT PRINCIPLES IN SIX SYSTEMS;586
23.5;V. MOLECULAR BIOLOGY IN WEED MANAGEMENT;609
23.6;VI. WEED MANAGEMENT DECISION AIDS;611
23.7;VII. SUMMARY;616
23.8;THINGS TO THINK ABOUT;616
23.9;LITERATURE CITED;617
24;CHAPTER 20: Weed Science„The Future;622
24.1;I. RESEARCH NEEDS;623
24.2;II. POLITICAL CONSIDERATIONS;647
24.3;III. CONCLUSION;647
24.4;THINGS TO THINK ABOUT;649
24.5;LITERATURE CITED;649
25;APPENDIX A: List of Crop and Other Plants Cited in Text;652
26;APPENDIX B: List of Weeds Cited in Text;658
27;GLOSSARY OF TERMS USED IN WEED SCIENCE;670
28;INDEX;678