Guder / Narayanan / Wisser Diagnostic Samples: From the Patient to the Laboratory

The Impact of Preanalytical Variables on the Quality of Laboratory Results
4th, Updated Auflage
ISBN: 978-3-527-69106-7
Verlag: Wiley-VCH
Format: PDF
Kopierschutz: Adobe DRM (»Systemvoraussetzungen)

E-Book, Englisch, 114 Seiten, E-Book

In diesem Referenzwerk werden alle relevanten biologischen, analytischen und sonstigen Einflussfaktoren, die sich auf die Entnahme, den Transport, die Lagerung und Aufbereitung medizinischer Proben auswirken, beschrieben und qualitätssichernde Verfahren erläutert.

Autoren/Hrsg.

Guder, Walter G.

Narayanan, Sheshadri

Wisser, Hermann

Zawta, Bernd

Inhaltsverzeichnis

Dream and reality - An introductory case - The importance of the preanalytical phase

BIOLOGICAL INFLUENCES

Something unavoidable - Influences of age, gender, race and pregnancy

Changing habits - Influences that can vary (diet, starvation, exercise, altitude)

May I take coffee, smoke or drink before blood sampling? - Stimulants and addictive drugs as biological influence factors

What if I take herbs? - Effects of herbs on laboratory results

COLLECTION OF SPECIMEN

When to test? - Timing of sampling

Sampling during infusion therapy? - Sequence of diagnostic and therapeutic procedures

Sampling in the supine or upright position? - Effects of posture and tourniquet

What site for sampling blood? - Phlebotomy, arterial puncture and sampling from catheters

Blood from the skin - Capillary sampling

Did the lab mix up my sample? - Techniques of sample identification

A precious sample - Cerebrospinal fluid (CSF)

A sample that is nearly always available - Urine and saliva as diagnostic probes

Plasma or serum? - Differences to be considered

Take a lavender tube! - Additives and colour codes

TRANSPORT AND STORAGE

Fax me a sample - Effects of time and temperature during transport

Samples in transit - Legal standardization for mailing samples

How to keep a sample "fresh" - Storage of samples in the laboratory

PREPARATION OF SAMPLES FOR ANALYSIS

What has to be done on specimen arrival? - Specimen processing, centrifugation, distribution

Continuous or batchwise? - Preanalytical workflow and robotics

Safety aspects during the preanalytical phase - Disposal of specimens, needles, tubes and chemicals

SPECIAL ASPECTS WITH EACH ANALYTE

What is needed before blood transfusion? - Special aspects in immuno-haematology

Why a separate tube for the coagulation test? - Special aspects in haemostaseology

Blood cells are sensitive! - Special aspects in haematological analysis

Everything from a drop of blood? - Special aspects in clinical chemistry

Special tubes for hormones and proteomics? - Preanalytical factors in immunoassays

Blood cells can provide important information - Special aspects in cellular analysis

How to handle genes - Special aspects in molecular biology

When gases evaporate - Special aspects for blood gases and ionized calcium

The right time for drugs? - Special aspects in therapeutic drug monitoring (TDM)

Bacteria, fungi, parasites and viruses - Special aspects in microbiology

ENDOGENOUS AND EXOGENOUS INTERFERENCES

Can turbid samples be used? - Effects of lipaemia

A difficult case - Pitfalls with endogenous antibodies

The serum sample looks reddish - Effects of haemolysis

Does the laboratory have to know all my drugs? - Mechanisms and treatment of drug interference

Everything under control? - Quality assurance in the preanalytical phase

References

Glossary

Index

Über Autor(innen)

Prof. Dr. Walter G. Guder was Professor of Clinical Chemistry at the Ludwig-Maximilians-University of Munich and Director of the Institute of Clinical Chemistry, Bogenhausen Community Hospital Munich until January 2003. He studied medicine at Cologne, Tübingen and Munich. Walter G. Guder served as President of the German Society of Clinical Chemistry and as Chairman of the Working Group on Preanalytical Quality.

 

Prof. Dr. Dr. Hermann Wisser was Professor of Biochemistry at the University of Stuttgart until 2002. He also served as Director of the Institute of Clinical Chemistry of the faculty of Clinical Medicine Mannheim of the University of Heidelberg. Hermann Wisser was President of the German Society of Clinical Chemistry and is honorary member in various societies of clinical chemistry.

 

Prof. Dr. Sheshadri Narayanan is Clinical Professor of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine at the Weill Medical College of Conell University, New York City. He is a diplomat of the American Board of Clinical Chemistry and is licensed to act as Clinical Laboratory Director in all areas (chemistry, hematology, coagulation, microbiology etc.) in the States of New York and New Jersey.

 

Dr. Bernd Zawta was Head of the Department of Scientific Customer Support and Public Relations of Roche Diagnostics GmbH. He studied chemistry at the Technical University Dresden where his doctoral thesis was on "The Chromatography of Steroid Hormones". Bernd Zawta also served as WHO consultant in Mongolia in 1985. Dr. Zawta deceased during the preparation of this new edition.