Hammer / Mose / Siegrist Parks of the future!

Protected areas in Europe challenging regional and global change
1. Auflage 2015
ISBN: 978-3-86581-980-2
Verlag: oekom
Format: PDF
Kopierschutz: 0 - No protection

E-Book, Englisch, 288 Seiten

Climate change, declines in biodiversity, increasing consumption of resources, urbanisation, urban sprawl and demographic change continue to challenge theregions of Europe. In response to these processes of regional and global change, there has been an unmistakeable boom in parks in Europe since the 1990s. Morethan a fifth of the continent is now protected using designations such as regionalnature parks, national parks, UNESCO Biosphere Reserves and World Heritagesites. The responsibilities of these areas are usually diverse and, in addition tonature protection and the conservation of cultural landscapes, increasingly involvethe promotion of sustainable development. In the 22 chapters of this volume, 28 authors from all over Europe analyse and comment on experiences of tackling the challenges of regional and global changein parks. They illustrate discussions with selected case studies and deal with keyissues of current protected area policy: How do parks address the pending challengesand what successes have they had thus far? What pioneering approaches are there in spatial planning and regional development? Which forms of park managementand governance are most promising? This informative and well-illustratedbook also considers which tasks will be assumed by parks in the future and whatroles parks may play in the debate concerning transformations required to promotesustainability in Europe.

Autoren/Hrsg.

Hammer, Thomas

Mose, Ingo

Siegrist, Dominik

Weixlbaumer, Norbert

Fachgebiete

• Geowissenschaften Umweltwissenschaften Umweltschutz, Umwelterhaltung

Inhaltsverzeichnis

1;Parks of the Future;1
2;Table of contents;7
3;Foreword;11
4;Preface of the editors;13
5;Thomas Hammer, Ingo Mose, Dominik Siegrist, Norbert Weixlbaumer: Parks of the future – Which future for parks in Europe?;15
5.1;The environment faces great challenges;15
5.2;Parks in the context of megatrends;16
5.3;Parks as spaces modeling sustainable development?;18
5.4;The park boom is also occurring in Europe;19
5.5;Parks as instruments of sustainable regional development in Europe;20
5.6;Literature;22
6;Approaches to coping with challenges of global and regional change;25
6.1;Grazia Brunett: The resilience concept and spatial planning in European protected areas development;27
6.1.1;Abstract;27
6.1.2;Keywords;27
6.1.3;1. The resilience concept: Origin and evolution;28
6.1.3.1;1.1 Resilience in ecology;28
6.1.3.2;1.2 Resilience and self-organization in spatial planning;30
6.1.4;2. Challenges for spatial planning in protected areas development;32
6.1.5;3. Emerging issues for a new governance model in the protected areas;35
6.1.6;Literature;36
6.2;Claudia Carter, Mark Reed: Parks and climate change: Challenges to the protected area landscape and emerging policy and management responses;39
6.2.1;Abstract;39
6.2.2;Keywords;39
6.2.3;1. Protected areas under climate change;40
6.2.3.1;1.1 The need for larger protected areas;40
6.2.3.2;1.2 The need to extend 'environmental awareness' to non-protected areas;41
6.2.3.3;1.3 The need to shift attention from biodiversity to ecosystem processes and services;42
6.2.3.4;1.4 Policy instruments to sustain ecosystem services from integrated landscapes;43
6.2.4;2. Payments for ecosystem services;44
6.2.5;3. Conclusion;46
6.2.6;Literature;47
6.3;Emma Salizzoni: Protected areas confronted by urbanization processes;49
6.3.1;Abstract;49
6.3.2;Keywords;49
6.3.3;1. Urbanization: An unavoidable challenge for protected areas;50
6.3.4;2. Different approaches to urbanization;52
6.3.5;3. Conclusion;56
6.3.6;Literature;59
6.4;Susanne Stoll-Kleemann:Nature parks in Germany facing societal change;61
6.4.1;Summary;61
6.4.2;Keywords;61
6.4.3;1. Introduction;62
6.4.4;2. Methods;62
6.4.5;3. Results: Strengths, societal challenges and strategies;64
6.4.5.1;3.1 Strengths: Residents express a high level of acceptance and the desire for more conservation of nature;64
6.4.5.2;3.2 Societal challenges from the perspective of the nature park managers and staff;66
6.4.5.3;3.3 What do representatives of local authorities think about their local nature parks?;69
6.4.6;4. Conclusion;70
6.4.7;Literature;71
6.5;Angioletta Voghera, Gabriella Negrini:Parks and landscape: Land use plan experimentations for biodiversity;73
6.5.1;Abstract;73
6.5.2;Keywords;73
6.5.3;1. Background;74
6.5.4;2. The Italian context;75
6.5.5;3. Methodologies and studies of biodiversity development in Piedmont3;77
6.5.6;4. Conclusion;83
6.5.7;LITERATURE;85
6.6;Thomas Hammer, Dominik Siegrist:Regional change management and collaborative regional governance as approaches tackling regional and global change in parks?;87
6.6.1;Abstract;87
6.6.2;Keywords;87
6.6.3;1. Regional change management and collaborative regional governance: Approaches tackling regional and global change in parks;88
6.6.4;2. The Swiss model of parks of national significance;89
6.6.5;3. Regional change management (RCM) and collaborative regional governance (CRG) as the basis of the Swiss park model?;96
6.6.6;4. Instruments for promoting collaborative regional governance (CRG) and regional change management (RGM) in Swiss parks;98
6.6.7;5. Conclusion;101
6.6.8;Literature;102
6.7;Samuel Depraz:An innovative or adaptive management model of protected areas?;103
6.7.1;Summary;103
6.7.2;Keywords;103
6.7.3;1. Introduction;104
6.7.4;2. Regional parks as an evolutionary structure, adapted to societal challenges;105
6.7.5;3. The climate prerequisite in new European rural policies;107
6.7.6;4. The effective compliance of the regional parks with European climate strategies;110
6.7.7;5. Conclusion;113
6.7.8;Literature;114
6.8;Ulli Vilsmaier:Other spaces: Parks as societal mirrors;115
6.8.1;Summary;115
6.8.2;Keywords;115
6.8.3;1. Introduction;116
6.8.4;2. The concept of heterotopias;116
6.8.5;3. Parks as heterotopias?;118
6.8.6;4. Conclusion;122
6.8.7;Literature;123
7;Case studies and good examples of coping with global and regional change;125
7.1;Andreas Voth:Recent trends and future challenges of protected areas in southern Spain;127
7.1.1;Abstract;127
7.1.2;Keywords;127
7.1.3;1. Protected areas policy in Spain;128
7.1.4;2. Parks in Andalusia addressing recent challenges of change;130
7.1.4.1;2.1 The challenges of climate change and water supply;132
7.1.4.2;2.2 The need to support renewable energies;132
7.1.4.3;2.3 Processes of land use change and threats to biodiversity;133
7.1.4.4;2.4 Processes of demographic change and urbanization;134
7.1.4.5;2.5 Trends in financing, marketing and branding;135
7.1.5;3. Conclusion;137
7.1.6;Literature;137
7.2;Peter Fredman, Jan Vidar Haukeland:New challenges for managing sustainable tourism in protected areas;139
7.2.1;Abstract;139
7.2.2;Keywords;139
7.2.3;1. Introduction;140
7.2.4;2. Urbanization – Calls for more information and promotion;142
7.2.5;3. Mobility – Calls for visitor monitoring;142
7.2.6;4. Demographic change – Calls for facilities and interpretation;143
7.2.7;5. Lifestyle changes – Call for differentiated management;144
7.2.8;6. Climate change – Calls for adaptive management;145
7.2.9;7. Conclusion;147
7.2.10;Literature;147
7.3;Nicola Thompson, Guy Garrod:Sustainable development in England’s national parks;151
7.3.1;Abstract;151
7.3.2;Keywords;151
7.3.3;1. Introduction;152
7.3.4;2. Charting demographic change in England’s national parks;155
7.3.5;3. Responding to demographic change in England’s national parks;156
7.3.6;4. Conclusion;159
7.3.7;Literature;160
7.4;Catherine Kelly:A new British biosphere: Brighton – Transecting city, countryside and coast;163
7.4.1;Abstract;163
7.4.2;Keywords;163
7.4.3;1. Introduction;164
7.4.4;2. Regional change in South East England;167
7.4.5;3. Creating a new British biosphere: the process;168
7.4.5.1;3.1 Governance and partnerships;168
7.4.5.2;3.2 Representation, participation and consultation of local communities;169
7.4.5.3;Consultation analysis and themes:;171
7.4.6;4. A successful bid – What next?;172
7.4.7;5. Recommendations and conclusion;174
7.4.8;Literature;175
7.5;Martin Heintel, Norbert Weixlbaumer:Protected areas at the interface of political systems;179
7.5.1;Abstract;179
7.5.2;Keywords;179
7.5.3;1. Introduction – Transboundary protected areas and regional governance arrangements;180
7.5.4;2. The development of transboundary protected areas (TBPA);180
7.5.5;3. A case study of Írottk?-Geschriebenstein Nature Park;182
7.5.6;4. Regional governance in cross-border cooperation;185
7.5.6.1;4.1 Methods and selected results of the European Territorial Cooperation Project;186
7.5.6.2;4.2 Structures and patterns of transboundary cooperation – Reflecting on a process using the example of Írottk?-Geschriebenstein Nature Park;188
7.5.7;5. Conclusion;190
7.5.8;Literature;191
7.6;Volker Scherfose:What role can parks play for sustainable development in Germany?;193
7.6.1;Abstract;193
7.6.2;Keywords;193
7.6.3;1. Introduction;194
7.6.4;2. Tasks, number and area of large-scale protected areas in Germany;195
7.6.5;3. The national sustainability strategy and its key indicators;197
7.6.6;4. Threats to biodiversity;198
7.6.7;5. Forests;199
7.6.8;6. Agro-ecosystems;200
7.6.9;7. Energy use, renewable energies;202
7.6.10;8. Unfragmented areas, settlement and transport areas;204
7.6.11;9. What role do large-scale protected areas play for sustainable development in Germany?;204
7.6.12;10. Conclusion;207
7.6.13;Literature;209
7.7;Natalya Yakusheva:Socio-demographic changes in and around protected areas and management responses;213
7.7.1;Summary;213
7.7.2;Keywords;213
7.7.3;1. Introduction;214
7.7.4;2. Bieszczady National Park, Poland;215
7.7.4.1;2.1 The socio-demographic situation in and around the Bieszczady NP;215
7.7.4.2;2.2 Conservation and society in Bieszczady;217
7.7.5;3. Poloniny National Park, Slovakia;218
7.7.5.1;3.1 The socio-demographic situation in and around Poloniny NP;220
7.7.5.2;3.2 Conservation and society in Poloniny;221
7.7.6;4. Conclusion and recommendations;223
7.7.7;Literature;224
7.8;Julius Arnegger, Til Dieterich:Protected area governance in Azerbaijan;227
7.8.1;Abstract;227
7.8.2;Keywords;227
7.8.3;1. Introduction;228
7.8.4;2. Historical overview of area protection in Azerbaijan;228
7.8.5;3. Challenges to protected area governance in Azerbaijan;231
7.8.6;4. Case study: Challenges and opportunities to PA governance in the Samur-Yalama National Park;233
7.8.6.1;4.1 Overview of the Samur-Yalama National Park;233
7.8.6.2;4.2 Methodology;235
7.8.6.3;4.3 Results;236
7.8.7;5. Discussion and conclusion;237
7.8.8;Literature;238
8;Syntheses – Challenges of coping with regional and global change;241
8.1;The role of science in governing and managing the parks of the future. Considerations by Thomas Scheurer,Scientific Research Manager;243
8.1.1;Scientific background;244
8.1.2;A broad range of topics: What are central themes and approaches for future research?;245
8.1.3;The role of science in the management and governance of global and regional change in protected areas;247
8.1.4;Literature;248
8.2;Comments by Alois Lang,Park Manager at Neusiedler See-Seewinkel National Park;249
8.3;A perspective of Lawrence S. Hamilton, Senior Advisor at IUCN World Commission on Protected Areas;259
8.4;Parks of the future – A view of Carol Ritchie, Executive Director of the EUROPARC Federation;261
8.4.1;Literature;265
8.5;Thomas Hammer, Ingo Mose, Dominik Siegrist, Norbert Weixlbaumer:Parks challenging regional and global change – An attempt at a synthesis;267
8.5.1;Moving towards an integrative park policy;268
8.5.2;Approaches to managing change;268
8.5.2.1;Sensitization and involvement of the population;269
8.5.2.2;Development of an adaptive regional governance structure;269
8.5.2.3;Further development of the management concepts of parks;270
8.5.2.4;Integration of the parks in regional planning;270
8.5.2.5;Development of cooperation with other parks and partners;270
8.5.2.6;Parks as providers of ecosystem services;271
8.5.2.7;Enlargement and ecological cross-linking of park regions;271
8.5.2.8;Linking of park objectives and activities with regional development;271
8.5.3;Parks as an expression of a new socio-ecological perspective?;272
8.5.4;Possibilities and limitations of parks;273
8.5.5;Experiences with new approaches;274
9;The editors;275
10;The authors;276

Über Autor(innen)

Hammer, Thomas
Thomas Hammer ist Professor für Nachhaltige Regional- und Landschaftsentwicklung am Interdisziplinären Zentrum für Nachhaltige Entwicklung und Umwelt (CDE) der Universität Bern. Seine Forschungsschwerpunkte sind Grossschutzgebiete und Regionalentwicklung, nachhaltige Regional- und Landschaftsentwicklung sowie Desertifikation und ländliche Entwicklung in Westafrika.

Weixlbaumer, Norbert
Norbert Weixlbaumer ist Professor in der Arbeitsgruppe Humangeographie am Institut für Geographie und Regionalforschung der Universität Wien. Seine Interessengebiete und Forschungsschwerpunkte sind europäische Schutzgebiete, systemische Regionalentwicklung, grenzüberschreitende Kooperationsformen in der Regionalpolitik sowie Geographie Ländlicher Räume und Geographien des Essens.

Mose, Ingo
Der Geograph Ingo Mose ist Professor an der Carl von Ossietzky Universität Oldenburg. Er fungiert dort zugleich als Direktor des Zentrums für Nachhaltige Raumentwicklung – ZENARiO und wurde mit einer Jean Monnet-Professur für „Europäisierung und Nachhaltige Raumentwicklung“ ausgezeichnet. Seine Forschungsinteressen umfassen Planung und Management von Schutzgebieten, nachhaltige ländliche Entwicklung sowie Regional Governance.

Siegrist, Dominik
Dominik Siegrist ist Professor für naturnahen Tourismus und Pärke an der HSR Hochschule für Technik Rapperswil (Schweiz) und dort Leiter des Instituts für Landschaft und Freiraum. Seine Forschungsschwerpunkte sind Landschaftsentwicklung, naturnaher Tourismus und Grossschutzgebiete.