Knodt / Urdze / Nodia EU's Policy of Democracy Promotion

Strategies and Impact in Central Asia and the South Caucasus
1. Auflage 2018
ISBN: 978-3-8452-7352-5
Verlag: Nomos
Format: PDF
Kopierschutz: Adobe DRM (»Systemvoraussetzungen)

E-Book, Englisch, Band 7, 319 Seiten, Format (B × H): 153 mm x 227 mm

Reihe: Demokratiestudien. Demokratie und Demokratisierung in Theorie und Empirie

Promoting democracy is an integral part of the EU’s policy towards the South Caucasus and Central Asia. In this book, the German, Georgian and Uzbek authors provide answers to four questions: Which instruments are used by the EU to promote democracy in the countries of the Southern Caucasus and Central Asia and in which way? How can the decisions concerning the use of these instruments be explained? What impact do the instruments have on the democratic quality of the states in question? How can this impact be explained? To answer these questions, the authors examine all the EU’s activities in the field of promoting external democracy, which has not been done before. In addition, the analysis is based on interviews conducted and data collected by the authors in Brussels, the South Caucasus and Central Asia.

With contributions by

Michèle Knodt, Ghia Nodia, Vladimir Paramonov, Sigita Urdze

Autoren/Hrsg.

Knodt, Michèle

Urdze, Sigita

Nodia, Ghia

Paramonov, Vladimir

Fachgebiete

• Interdisziplinäres Wissenschaften Wissenschaften Interdisziplinär Friedens- und Konfliktforschung
• Sozialwissenschaften Politikwissenschaft Internationale Beziehungen Konflikt- und Friedensforschung, Rüstungskontrolle, Abrüstung
• Sozialwissenschaften Politikwissenschaft Politische Systeme Demokratie
• Sozialwissenschaften Politikwissenschaft Internationale Beziehungen Europäische Union, Europapolitik

Inhaltsverzeichnis

1;Cover;1
2; 1 Introduction;9
2.1; Choice and mode of EU democracy promoting instruments in the countries of Southern Caucasus and Central Asia;14
2.2; Explaining EU’s democracy promotion in the countries of Southern Caucasus and Central Asia;15
2.3; Impact of EU’s democracy promotion on the democratic quality of the countries of Southern Caucasus and Central Asia;17
2.4; Explaining the impact of the EU’s democracy promotion in the countries of Southern Caucasus and Central Asia;20
3; 2 Muddling Through: The European Union’s external democracy promotion in the Southern Caucasus and Central Asia;27
3.1; 1. Analytical framework and hypotheses;28
3.2; 2. Assessing the EU’s external democracy promotion in the South Caucasus and Central Asia;38
3.3; 3. Explaining the EU’s external democracy promotion in the South Caucasus and Central Asia;59
3.3.1; 3.1 Strength of norm violations by a third country;60
3.3.2; 3.2 Degree of public perception in the EU of norm violations in a third country;63
3.3.3; 3.3 Security interests of the EU/EU’s member states, including the presence/absence of alternative interested actors;65
3.3.4; 3.4 Economic interests of the EU/EU’s member states, including the presence/absence of alternative interested actors;71
3.4; 4. Conclusion;76
4; 3 The EU’s effectiveness as a democracy promotion actor: Three divergent cases in the South Caucasus;89
4.1; 1. The South Caucasus as a “failing region”: Divided and diverse;89
4.2; 2. Positioning the South Caucasus vis-à-vis Europe: A comparison with the Balkans and Central Asia;95
4.3; 3. 1991-2004: The EU as a benevolent but weak player in the South Caucasus;103
4.4; 4. 2004-2009: ENP enhancing the status of the South Caucasus within EU policies;108
4.5; 5. European Partnership: The EU as an emergent but reluctant actor in South Caucasus geopolitics;113
4.6; 6. Democracy promotion, the politics of identity, and competition for power;118
4.7; 7. Georgia: Identity and pro-Western policies;129
4.8; 8. Struggling in the Grey Zone: The State of Georgia’s Democracy;144
4.9; 9. How can and did the EU impact Georgian democracy?;148
4.10; 10. Armenia: The Fruits of Military Victory, Regional Isolation and Dependence on Russia;153
4.11; 11. Hostage to Security: Relations with the EU and its Impediments;160
4.12; 12. Oligarchy with a Democratic Façade: Where Is Europe’s Impact?;165
4.13; 13. Modernism and Secularism: the Inception of Azerbaijan’s European Identity;171
4.14; 14. Linkage to the West through Oil: The Failure of Azerbaijan’s European Identity;174
4.15; 15. Oil-based Autocracy and Waning influence of the West;182
4.16; 16. Conclusions;187
5; 4 European Union activities and the impact of its policy of democratization in Central Asia;205
5.1; 1. Introduction;205
5.2; 2. Regional context of the European policy of democratization;207
5.2.1; 2.1 Political sphere;207
5.2.2; 2.2 Economic sphere;209
5.2.3; 2.3 Security sphere;210
5.2.4; 2.4 Social sphere;211
5.3; 3. Kazakhstan;212
5.3.1; 3.1 Political sphere;213
5.3.1.1; Factors leading to increased impact of the EU;213
5.3.1.2; Factors leading to a weakening of EU impact;217
5.3.2; 3.2 Economic sphere;218
5.3.2.1; Factors leading to increased impact of the EU;218
5.3.2.2; Factors leading to a weakening of EU impact;221
5.3.3; 3.3 Security sphere;223
5.3.3.1; Factors leading to increased impact of the EU;223
5.3.3.2; Factors leading to a weakening of EU impact;226
5.3.4; 3.4 Social sphere;227
5.3.4.1; Factor leading to increased impact of the EU;227
5.3.4.2; Factors leading to a weakening of EU impact;230
5.3.5; 3.5 Conclusions;232
5.4; 4. Kyrgyz Republic;232
5.4.1; 4.1 Political sphere;234
5.4.1.1; Factors leading to increased impact of the EU;234
5.4.1.2; Factors leading to a weakening of EU impact;237
5.4.2; 4.2 Economic sphere;238
5.4.2.1; Factors leading to increased impact of the EU;239
5.4.2.2; Factors leading to a weakening of EU impact;241
5.4.3; 4.3 Security sphere;242
5.4.3.1; Factors leading to increased impact of the EU;243
5.4.3.2; Factors leading to a weakening of EU impact;245
5.4.4; 4.4 Social sphere;247
5.4.4.1; Factors leading to increased impact of the EU;247
5.4.4.2; Factors leading to a weakening of EU impact;249
5.4.5; 4.5 Conclusions;251
5.5; 5. Tajikistan;252
5.5.1; 5.1 Political sphere;253
5.5.1.1; Factors leading to increased impact of the EU;253
5.5.1.2; Factors leading to a weakening of EU impact;256
5.5.2; 5.2 Economic sphere;257
5.5.2.1; Factors leading to increased impact of the EU;257
5.5.2.2; Factors leading to a weakening of EU impact;260
5.5.3; 5.3 Security sphere;261
5.5.3.1; Factors leading to increased impact of the EU;262
5.5.3.2; Factors leading to a weakening of EU impact;265
5.5.4; 5.4 Social sphere;266
5.5.4.1; Factors leading to increased impact of the EU;266
5.5.4.2; Factors leading to a weakening of EU impact;268
5.5.5; 5.5 Conclusions;269
5.6; 6. Turkmenistan;270
5.6.1; 6.1 Political sphere;271
5.6.1.1; Factors leading to increased impact of the EU;271
5.6.1.2; Factors leading to a weakening of EU impact;274
5.6.2; 6.2 Economic sphere;276
5.6.2.1; Factors leading to increased impact of the EU;276
5.6.2.2; Factors leading to a weakening of EU impact;279
5.6.3; 6.3 Security sphere;282
5.6.3.1; Factors leading to increased impact of the EU;282
5.6.3.2; Factors leading to a weakening of EU impact;285
5.6.4; 6.4 Social sphere;287
5.6.4.1; Factors leading to increased impact of the EU;287
5.6.4.2; Factors leading to a weakening of EU impact;289
5.6.5; 6.5 Conclusions;291
5.7; 7. Uzbekistan;292
5.7.1; 7.1 Political sphere;293
5.7.1.1; Factors leading to increased impact of the EU;293
5.7.1.2; Factors leading to a weakening of EU impact;295
5.7.2; 7.2 Economic sphere;296
5.7.2.1; Factors leading to increased impact of the EU;296
5.7.2.2; Factors leading to a weakening of EU impact;299
5.7.3; 7.3 Security sphere;301
5.7.3.1; Factors leading to increased impact of the EU;301
5.7.3.2; Factors leading to a weakening of EU impact;306
5.7.4; 7.4 Social sphere;307
5.7.4.1; Factors leading to increased impact of the EU;307
5.7.4.2; Factors leading to a weakening of EU impact;309
5.7.5; 7.5 Conclusions;312
5.8; 8. Conclusion;313