American Foundations and the Coproduction of World Order in the Twentieth Century

1. Auflage 2012
ISBN: 978-3-525-31043-4
Verlag: Vandenhoeck & Ruprecht

Buch, Englisch, Band Band 004, 300 Seiten, Format (B × H): 160 mm x 237 mm, Gewicht: 644 g

Reihe: Schriftenreihe der FRIAS School of History

This volume studies the links between politics and science during the 20th century, based on the example of the large US foundations. If the 20th century can be regarded in many ways as the 'American Century', then the large US foundations such as Carnegie, Rockefeller and Ford played a major role in this development. And yet they weren´t simply stooges for official US power politics. The circumstances surrounding their actions were much more complicated and made great demands of the philanthropy of the day. This volume with articles in English and German shows the course of US philanthropy in Europe in the time between the world wars and following World War II; it demonstrates how Europe became the setting for continually new versions of the postwar political and scientific landscape.

Autoren/Hrsg.

Krige, John

Rausch, Helke

Weitere Mitwirkende

Berghahn, Volker

Herren-Oesch, Madeleine

Müller, Tim B.

Patel, Kiran Klaus

Sackley, Nicole

Scott-Smith, Giles

Tournès, Ludovic

Weindling, Paul

Wegener, Jens Michael

Rausch, Helke

Krige, John

Fachgebiete

• Geisteswissenschaften Geschichtswissenschaft Weltgeschichte & Geschichte einzelner Länder und Gebietsräume Geschichte einzelner Länder Amerikanische Geschichte
• Sozialwissenschaften Politikwissenschaft Internationale Beziehungen Geopolitik
• Sozialwissenschaften Politikwissenschaft Politikwissenschaft Allgemein Politische Geschichte
• Geisteswissenschaften Geschichtswissenschaft Geschichtliche Themen Kultur- und Ideengeschichte
• Sozialwissenschaften Politikwissenschaft Politikwissenschaft Allgemein Politische Studien zu einzelnen Ländern und Gebieten

Inhaltsverzeichnis

Interwar philanthropy between Internationalism and Power Politics: Modes of Control

Jens Wegener, »An organization, European in character«: European agency
and American control at the Centre Européen, 1925–1940

Ludovic Tournès, L’américanisation de la science française? La fondation Rockefeller
et la construction d’une politique de recherche en biomédecine (1918–1939)

Helke Rausch, An den Grenzen der Planbarkeit. Die Rockefeller Foundation im
Interessengeflecht anthropologischen Legitimationswissens in Großbritanien und
Frankreich, 1925/6–40

Comment: Madeleine Herren

Constructing World Order in the Cold War

Redefining the Mission

Paul Weindling, A Terminal Case? Cold War Politics and the Closure of the
International Health Division of the Rockefeller Foundation

Tim B. Müller, Die Macht der Menschenfreunde. Die Rockefeller Foundation, die
Sozialwissenschaften und die amerikanische Außenpolitik im Kalten Krieg der
Hochmoderne

Comment: Kiran Klaus Patel

Consolidating Networks, Circulating Knowledge

John Krige, From Cultural Transmission to Knowledge Circulation. The Ford
Foundation, Physics and the National Security State

Giles Scott-Smith, Expanding the Diffusion of US Jurisprudence: The Netherlands
as a »beachhead« for US Foundations in the 1960s

Nicole Sackley, Foundation in the field: the Ford Foundation New Delhi office
and the construction of development knowledge, 1951–1970

Comment: Volker Berghahn

Final Comment Matthias Middell

Leseproben

American large-scale foundations emerged at the beginning in the early 20thC and gradually expanded on an international scale, becoming core agents of the 'American Century'. Various Carnegie philanthropies and the Rockefeller Foundation enlarged their agendas from ad hoc charitable programs to highly professionalized interventions and from a domestic to a transatlantic not to say global scale. After Word War II they were joined by the Ford Foundation that explicitly used its extensive resources to promote American-style democracy and decidedly western values world-wide. Improved scientific knowledge and understanding, embedded in a tissue of social relations that tied centre to periphery, became one preferred instrument to export American ideas and models abroad to improve the human condition and to ward off rival ideologies. US philanthropic initiatives and multifarious research activities sponsored around the world ultimately revolved around embedding knowledge in all its forms in international political, social and cultural power alignments. The contributions in this volume link the production and circulation of knowledge promoted by US philanthropy to a broader 20th century inter- or transnational history, shaped not only by such fundamental processes as interwar Wilsonian Internationalism and Cold War bloc antagonisms, but also by both US and European late colonialism and development and, not least of all, by modernization ideologies that were not monopolized by the US or the northern hemisphere but virtually proliferated throughout the world.>

Über Autor(innen)

Müller, Tim B.
Dr. Tim B. Müller ist Historiker am Hamburger Institut für Sozialforschung.

Krige, John
Prof. Dr. John Krige ist Historiker und Kranzberg Professor an der School of History, Technology and Society am Georgia Institute of Technology in Atlanta.

Weindling, Paul
Prof. Dr. Paul Weindling lehrt am Institut für Geschichte, Philosophie und Religion der Oxford Brookes University, Großbritannien.

Rausch, Helke
Dr. Helke Rausch ist Wissenschaftliche Mitarbeiterin am Historischen Seminar der Universität Freiburg.

Patel, Kiran Klaus
Prof. Dr. Kiran Klaus Patel ist Professor für Neueste Geschichte und Zeitgeschichte an der Ludwig-Maximilians-Universität München.

Berghahn, Volker
Volker Berghahn war bis zu seiner Emeritierung Seth Low Professor of History an der Columbia University in New York. Für seine Publikationen und seine Verdienste um die deutsch-amerikanischen Kulturbeziehungen wurde Berghahn mit dem Helmut-Schmidt-Preis der ZEIT-Stiftung und dem Bundesverdienstkreuz Erster Klasse geehrt. Er ist Fellow der Royal Historical Society in London.

Rausch, Helke
Dr. Helke Rausch ist Wissenschaftliche Mitarbeiterin am Historischen Seminar der Universität Freiburg.

Krige, John
Prof. Dr. John Krige ist Historiker und Kranzberg Professor an der School of History, Technology and Society am Georgia Institute of Technology in Atlanta.

Prof. Dr. John Krige ist Historiker und Kranzberg Professor an der School of History, Technology and Society am Georgia Institute of Technology in Atlanta.

Dr. Helke Rausch ist Wissenschaftliche Mitarbeiterin am Historischen Seminar der Universität Freiburg.