Maramorosch / Koprowski Methods in Virology

Volume III
1. Auflage 2014
ISBN: 978-1-4832-6226-0
Verlag: Elsevier Science & Techn.
Format: PDF
Kopierschutz: 1 - PDF Watermark

E-Book, Englisch, 694 Seiten, Web PDF

Methods in Virology, Volume III focuses on the advancements of methods employed in virology, including immunological, microscopic, and serological techniques and transformation assays. The selection first offers information on the analysis of protein constituents and lipid components of viruses. Discussions focus on the applications of the existing methodology to lipid-containing viruses; physical methods for the characterization of virus proteins; renaturation of virus proteins and reconstitution of viruses; and chemical methods for the characterization of virus proteins. The text then elaborates on RNA polymerase, immunological techniques for animal viruses, and serological techniques for plant viruses. The book tackles the plaque assay of animal viruses, transformation assays, and the methods for selecting RNA bacteriophage. Topics include identification of the nucleic acid, assay methods for particular viruses, general consideration of the plaque assay method, virus-dilution media and procedures, monolayer assay methods, and incubation and staining of plates and counting of plaques. The manuscript also takes a look at the structural studies of viruses, microscopic techniques, electron microscopy of isolated virus particles and their components, and the application of thin sectioning. The selection is a vital source of data for researchers interested in the methods employed in virology.

Autoren/Hrsg.

Maramorosch, Karl

Koprowski, Hilary

Inhaltsverzeichnis

1;Front Cover;1
2;Methods in Virology;4
3;Copyright Page;5
4;List of Contributors;6
5;Preface;8
6;Table of Contents;10
7;Contents of Other Volumes;14
8;Chapter 1. Analysis of Protein Constituents of Viruses;18
8.1;I. Introduction;18
8.2;II. Chemical Methods for Characterization of Virus Proteins;19
8.3;III. Physical Methods for Characterization of Virus Proteins;41
8.4;IV. Amino Acid-Sequence Analysis of Virus Proteins;75
8.5;V. Renaturation of Virus Proteins and Reconstitution of Viruses;86
8.6;References;88
9;Chapter 2. Analysis of Lipid Components of Viruses;94
9.1;I. Introduction;94
9.2;II. Lipid Methodology;95
9.3;III. Applications of Existing Methodology to Lipid-Containing Viruses;109
9.4;IV. Summary;111
9.5;References;113
10;Chapter 3. RNA Virus RNA Polymerase: Detection, Purification, and Properties;116
10.1;I. Introduction;116
10.2;II. Detection;117
10.3;III. Purification;122
10.4;IV. Properties of the Qß-RNA
Polymerase;126
10.5;Acknowledgments;128
10.6;References;128
11;Chapter 4. Immunological Techniques for Animal Viruses;130
11.1;I. Introduction;130
11.2;II. Neutralization Test;157
11.3;III. Hemagglutination (HA) and Hemagglutination-Inhibition (HI) Tests;180
11.4;IV. Complement-Fixation (CF) Test;191
11.5;V. Fluorescent-Antibody (FA) Techniques;199
11.6;VI. Immunodiffusion;202
11.7;VII. Other Tests;205
11.8;References;211
12;Chapter 5. Serological Techniques for Plant Viruses;216
12.1;I. The Preparation of Reagents;218
12.2;II. The Precipitation Reaction;225
12.3;III. Modifications of the Precipitation Reaction;230
12.4;IV. Other Types of Serological Tests;241
12.5;V. The Quantitative Estimation of Viruses;244
12.6;VI. The Estimation of Antibody Concentration;248
12.7;VII. Methods for Determining Serological Relationships between Plant Viruses;250
12.8;VIII. Labeled Antibody Methods;254
12.9;References;256
13;Chapter 6. The Plaque Assay of Animal Viruses;260
13.1;I. Introduction;261
13.2;II. General Consideration of the Plaque Assay Method;262
13.3;III. Preparation of Media;269
13.4;IV. Preparation of Cell Suspensions;281
13.5;V. Virus-Dilution Media and Procedures;285
13.6;VI. Culture Containers;285
13.7;VII. Monolayer Assay Methods;286
13.8;VIII. Agar Cell-Suspension Methods;292
13.9;IX. Incubation and Staining of Plates and Counting of Plaques;296
13.10;X. Special Uses of the Plaque Assay Method;300
13.11;XI. Some Recent Developments;308
13.12;XII. Methods for Individual Viruses;310
13.13;XIII. Some Sources of Difficulty;310
13.14;References;322
14;Chapter 7. Transformation Assays;330
14.1;I. Introduction;330
14.2;II. Principles of Assays for Transforming Activity;332
14.3;III. Assay Methods for Particular Viruses;335
14.4;References;352
15;Chapter 8. Methods for Selecting RNA Bacteriophage;354
15.1;I. Introduction;354
15.2;II. General Techniques;356
15.3;III. Selection Techniques;358
15.4;IV. Identification of the Nucleic Acid;364
15.5;References;366
16;Chapter 9. Structural Studies of Viruses;368
16.1;I. The Scope of the Article;369
16.2;II. Principles of Design of Viruses;370
16.3;III. Interpretation of Electron Micrographs;376
16.4;IV. Introduction to the Theory of Diffraction;403
16.5;V. X-ray Diffraction from Virus Crystals;433
16.6;VI. Low-Angle X-ray Diffraction in Solution;453
16.7;VII. X-ray Diffraction from Orientated Rod Viruses;468
16.8;VIII. Comparison of X-ray and Electron Microscope Techniques;489
16.9;References;490
17;Chapter 10. Microscopic Techniques;494
17.1;I. Fluorescent-Antibody Techniques;501
17.2;II. Staining with Acridine Orange;525
17.3;Acknowledgments;535
17.4;References;535
18;Chapter 11. Electron Microscopy of Isolated Virus Particles and Their Components;540
18.1;I. Some General Remarks on the Application of the Electron Microscope to the Study of Biological Structure at the Macromolecular Level;541
18.2;II. Specimen-Support Films;545
18.3;III. Mounting of Isolated Virus Particles and Components;550
18.4;IV. Shadow-Casting Techniques;554
18.5;V. Replica Techniques;558
18.6;VI. Positive Staining of Virus Particles and Their Components;559
18.7;VII. The Application of Negative Staining Techniques to the Study of Virus Structure;562
18.8;VIII. Particle Counting;583
18.9;IX. Calibration of the Electron Microscope;587
18.10;X. Conclusion;589
18.11;References;590
19;Chapter 12. The Application of Thin Sectioning;594
19.1;I. Introduction;595
19.2;II. History;596
19.3;III. Fixation;598
19.4;IV. Embedding;602
19.5;V. Sectioning;606
19.6;VI. Specimen Grids and Supporting Film;607
19.7;VII. Staining;608
19.8;VIII. The Electron Microscope;609
19.9;IX. Ancillary Techniques;611
19.10;X. Conclusion;618
19.11;XI. Illustrations;618
19.12;References;633
20;Chapter 13. Autoradiographic Methods for Electron Microscopy;636
20.1;I. Specimen
Label;637
20.2;II. The Emulsions;638
20.3;III. Description of the Technique;640
20.4;IV. Quantitative Aspects of Electron Autoradiography;652
20.5;V. Advantages and Limitations of This Method;654
20.6;References;655
21;Author Index;658
22;Subject Index;677