Within an international context in which the right to silence has long been regarded as sacrosanct, this book provides the first comprehensive, empirically-based analysis of the effects of curtailing the right to silence. The right to silence has served as the practical expression of the principles that an individual was to be considered innocent until proven guilty, and that it was for the prosecution to establish guilt. In 1791, the Fifth Amendment to the US Constitution proclaimed that none ‘shall be compelled in any criminal case to be a witness against himself’. In more recent times, the privilege against self-incrimination has been a founding principle for the International Criminal Court, the new South African constitution and the Ad Hoc International Criminal Tribunals for Rwanda and the former Yugoslavia. Despite this pedigree, over the past thirty years when governments have felt under pressure to combat crime or terrorism, the right to silence has been reconsidered (as in Australia), curtailed (in most of the United Kingdom), or circumvented (by the creation of the military tribunals to try the Guantánamo detainees). The analysis here focuses upon the effects of the Criminal Justice and Public Order Act 1994 in England and Wales. There, curtailing the right to silence was advocated in terms of ‘common sense’ policy-making and was achieved by an eclectic borrowing of concepts and policies from other jurisdictions. The implications of curtailing this right are here explored in detail with reference to the UK, but within a comparative context that examines how different ‘types’ of legal system regard the right to silence and the effects of constitutional protection.
Quirk
The Rise and Fall of the Right of Silence jetzt bestellen!
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Part 1: Principles versus Pragmatism A ‘Benchmark of Justice?’ A Crime Control Target Part 2: The Right to Silence in Practice The Criminal Justice and Public Order Act 1994. The Right to Silence and Cop Culture. The Right to Silence and the Realities of Legal Representation. The Right to Silence and the Courts Part 3: Policy Making Criminal Justice and ‘Common Sense’ Policy Making. Conclusions: The Right to Silence: Why the Debate must Continue
